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The problem
Intervention: None – this is an observational study examining the association between IBSA exposure and mental health outcomes
Who it was tested with: Young adults aged 18–28 (n=2,630) recruited through social media from across the United States, asked to recall IBSA experiences before age 18; included sexual and gender minority youth.
Experience from people who deliver programmes: stories, case studies and lessons learned. Valuable for understanding how and why, and for spotting what to test next, but not a measure of effect.
"Data is cross-sectional - asking young adults to reflect back on experiences prior to age 18." The study documents associations between IBSA exposure and severe mental health harms but cannot establish causation due to the retrospective, non-experimental design without a comparison or control group.
Cross-sectional design prevents causal inference; retrospective self-report data subject to recall bias; social media recruitment may not be representative of all young adults; cannot determine whether IBSA caused the mental health outcomes or whether pre-existing vulnerabilities increased susceptibility to both IBSA and mental health harms
Across countries and designs
2 studies · 2 countries
