Evidence

Evidence on children's well-being, problem first.

Every finding is tied to a defined problem for children, the intervention that claims to solve it, and its type of design. Open any card to compare the same intervention across countries.

65 evidence items · page 1 of 6

SurvivalDevelopment

Problem

Extreme household poverty affecting children's material, relational and subjective well-being

Intervention: Two cash transfer programmes, including additional conditional payments linked to schooling
Population: Children and their families in two cash transfer programmes in Pakistan, among them extremely poor families

Key finding

Helped extremely poor families sustain basic dietary needs

Practitioner

Hussain et al. · OpenAlex · 4 Sept 2021

Development

Problem

Whether universal, low-cost child care affects children's long-term health, behaviour, and motor and social development.

Intervention: Quebec's $5 per day universal child care policy.
Population: Children in the Canadian province of Quebec who were exposed to the policy, followed from preschool into youth (ages 12-19).

Key finding

Negative effects on preschoolers persisted over time for most outcomes.

Practitioner

Haeck et al. · OpenAlex · 1 Mar 2018

Development

Problem

Threats to children's subjective well-being, learning and emotional development during COVID-19 confinement, especially for the most vulnerable children

Intervention: Dialogic Literary Gatherings (shared reading and discussion sessions) transferred online to children's homes
Population: Teachers, families and students from 4 primary education centres, 1 high school and 1 Special Education School (Spain, as given in the metadata)

Key finding

The authors state the results confirm DLGs had a notable impact on children's and families' well-being.

Practitioner

Ruiz-Eugenio et al. · OpenAlex · 30 Oct 2020

SurvivalDevelopmentProtection

Problem

Uneven child well-being outcomes (health, education, protection) in Central Kalimantan

Intervention: Implementation of the Child-Friendly City (CFC) program, an approach combining integrated governance and rights-based development
Population: Children in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia, across regions implementing the CFC program

Key finding

Improvements in health indicators, particularly reduced stunting and infant mortality

Practitioner

Sriwahyuni et al. · OpenAlex · 17 Jun 2026

DevelopmentParticipation

Problem

Primary school children need skills to find, understand and manage health information (health literacy), and learning activities may not engage them enough.

Intervention: Health literacy learning activities co-designed with children in groups of 6-9 children and 2 researchers, then tested in school by the co-design group and their peers.
Population: 66 primary school children (mean age 10.8, 62% girls) in 3 schools in the Netherlands: 24 in the co-design group and 42 peers in the test group.

Key finding

Health literacy scores increased significantly over time in the co-design group.

Practitioner

Boxtel et al. · Crossref · 1 Oct 2025

SurvivalDevelopment

Problem

Children in disadvantaged US households have poorer education, health and family outcomes, and it is not well understood how safety net policy changes affect them in the short and long run.

Intervention: 1990s US welfare reform (state waivers and the TANF program), studied for effects on children's test scores, adult education, family structure, health insurance, healthcare use and health status.
Population: US children from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics Child Development Supplement, followed into adulthood through age 28 using the Transition to Adulthood Supplement.

Key finding

Reading test scores were higher by about 6 percent of a standard deviation, and college graduation was 9 percent more likely, with larger effects for women.

Practitioner

Vaughn · OpenAlex · 30 Jul 2019

Development

Problem

Improving academic learning outcomes and engagement of primary school children

Intervention: AI-based instructional tools, including adaptive learning platforms and intelligent tutoring systems
Population: Primary school students exposed to the AI-based tools (number, age and location not stated)

Key finding

Statistically significant improvement in learning performance after the intervention (no figures given).

Practitioner

Khan · Crossref · 27 Dec 2025

Development

Problem

Low learning outcomes in vocabulary development among kindergarten (PAUD) children

Intervention: Teaching with an inquiry (e-inquiry) learning model, delivered in two classroom action research cycles
Population: 30 kindergarten children in Indonesia

Key finding

Children's learning outcomes rose from 67% in cycle I to 90% in cycle II.

Practitioner

Manawan et al. · Crossref · 9 Oct 2025

Development

Problem

Low participation of children in active travel (walking, cycling, wheeling), linked in part to limited education and knowledge about active travel and road safety.

Intervention: A four-module online road safety education programme, developed and evaluated with the Multiphase Optimization Strategy. It included a 'wheeling safety and skills' module.
Population: 56 children aged 9-13

Key finding

Road safety knowledge scores improved significantly (p<0.05) in groups that included the 'wheeling safety and skills' module.

Practitioner

Pham et al. · Crossref · 24 Jan 2024

Development

Problem

Low Mathematics academic engagement and performance among upper primary pupils with ADHD behaviours

Intervention: Behavioural classroom management delivered through either explicit, co-created class rules or structured daily routines, compared with conventional instruction
Population: 216 upper primary pupils identified with ADHD behaviours in 12 public primary schools in Obio-Akpor LGA, Rivers State, Nigeria

Key finding

Class rules group mean gain of 22.17 (t=28.79, p<0.05)

Experimental

Ozuzu · OpenAlex - Early Childhood · 7 Oct 2026

Development

Problem

Lack of age-appropriate AI tools and evaluation for children's art education, and its possible effect on children's creativity, mental health, visual health and social development

Intervention: 12-week AI human–machine collaborative art education using a child-specific improved WGAN-GP creative synthesis model
Population: 120 children aged 6–14 in China, in three age bands (6–8, 9–11, 12–14)

Key finding

Creativity fluency, flexibility and uniqueness were higher in the experimental group (e.g. fluency 79.68 vs 67.52).

Experimental

Chen et al. · OpenAlex - Early Childhood · 7 Oct 2026

Development

Problem

Limited preparation of teachers for culturally contextualized early science education in underserved Bedouin kindergartens

Intervention: Interdisciplinary pairing of preservice early-childhood and preservice elementary-science teachers across eight inquiry-oriented sessions and a 30-hour professional learning community
Population: Eight preservice early-childhood teachers and eight preservice elementary-science teachers in three Bedouin kindergartens in Rahat, Israel

Key finding

Participants perceived growth in confidence.

Practitioner

Jaber · OpenAlex - Early Childhood · 9 Oct 2026

Evidence on children's well-being, problem first.

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Evidence on children's well-being, problem first.