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The problem
Intervention: Routine Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI) vaccination delivery through standard health services in households affected by MDR-TB
Who it was tested with: 814 children under 5 years old exposed to MDR-TB from five South African sites; 35% HIV-exposed, 1% living with HIV; median age 2.5 years.
Children or communities are compared with a group that did not receive the intervention, or followed over years. This is the design that best separates what the intervention did from everything else that changed.
"Modified Poisson regression was used to assess factors associated with delayed/non-vaccination and vaccination completeness." The study used a quasi-experimental approach inherent to the parent randomised controlled trial to examine immunization outcomes in a defined vulnerable population, making this an EXPERIMENTAL design, though the secondary analysis itself is observational.
Secondary analysis not designed primarily for immunization evaluation. Cross-sectional design prevents causal inference. Findings limited to five South African sites. COVID-19 impact analysis limited to 6-month period.
Across countries and designs
11 studies · 7 countries
