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The problem
Intervention: Introduction of rotavirus vaccine into Thailand's national immunisation programme
Who it was tested with: Children aged 0-59 months in Thailand, assessed through national health surveillance data covering approximately 90% of public health facilities.
Children or communities are compared with a group that did not receive the intervention, or followed over years. This is the design that best separates what the intervention did from everything else that changed.
"Vaccine impact was assessed by comparing pre-vaccination (2014-2019) and post-vaccination (2021-2024) periods, excluding the year 2020... using Poisson regression to estimate incidence rate ratios (IRRs)." This is a longitudinal quasi-experimental design comparing population-level outcomes across time periods before and after a public health intervention, allowing causal inference about vaccination impact on disease incidence.
Aggregated data without individual-level demographic characteristics limits stratified analyses. Exclusion of 2020 means transition effects during vaccine roll-out are not captured. Individual rotavirus-specific mortality cases were too few to analyse. Data rely on coding accuracy in health facilities.
Across countries and designs
8 studies · 13 countries
