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The problem
Intervention: Sugira Muryango, an evidence-based home-visiting parenting and family strengthening program
Who it was tested with: 959 children from 959 households in Rwanda (498 from single caregiver households, 461 from dual caregiver households).
Children or communities are compared with a group that did not receive the intervention, or followed over years. This is the design that best separates what the intervention did from everything else that changed.
"Models included fixed effects for timepoint, treatment group, caregiver household type (single vs. dual), and their three-way interaction (timepoint × treatment group × caregiver household type). Random intercepts for households and clusters were included to account for the hierarchical data structure." The rigorous statistical approach with three-way interactions specifically tested whether household type modified intervention effects, but the absence of significant interactions means the study cannot definitively conclude whether the intervention works overall or specifically for each group.
The analysis does not report overall intervention effectiveness or compare intervention versus control groups. Effect modification was the primary focus; the document does not provide details on intervention fidelity, adherence rates, or potential mechanisms explaining equitable outcomes.
Across countries and designs
7 studies · 4 countries
