Child labour refers to the exploitation of children through any style of work that deprives children of their interferes with their ability to attend regular faculty, and is mentally, physically, socially or morally harmful.To understand the causes of child labour.The objectives of the study is to analyse the association between the opinion of child labour and age of the respondents.For the purpose of the study descriptive research is used. 1604 samples-sample size.Dependent variables are increasing of Child labour, sector of Child labour, food, orphan, poverty, non-educated, and compulsion. Chi-square,independent sample T test, and ANOVA are used as tools for the study. Effectively bringing pull out of younger students (dropouts and both never-been-to-younger students), road kids, and youngster workers to class.
This paper analyses the impact of household adoption of mobile money services on child labour and schooling in Tanzania. The paper uses data drawn from the Tanzania National Panel Surveys (TNPS), for the survey periods as follows: 2008/09, 2010/11, 2012/13, and 2014/15. The TNPS are national representative surveys conducted by the National Bureau of Statistics of Tanzania in collaboration with the World Bank Living Standards Measurement Study-Integrated Surveys on Agriculture (LMSA-ISA). The surveys collect detailed information on individual, household, and community-level characteristics. The panel nature of the TNPS allows for the same households to be interviewed over time. The study uses a difference-in-differences approach, and instrumental variables strategy to investigate the nexus between mobile money adoption and child labour and school enrolment in Tanzania. The findings of this study reveal a positive and significant effect of mobile money adoption on school enrolment, but a negative effect on children's labour market activities. Moreover, the study identifies heterogenous impacts across child's gender and age; and remittances receipt and education expenditure are the potential pathways through which mobile money adoption affects child labour and school enrolment. Overall, the results suggest that policies that enhance financial inclusion such as the introduction of mobile money can be effective in improving child's school enrolment and a decline in the incidence of child labour.
Child labour is a growing phenomenon on Lake Volta, Yeji in Ghana. However, knowledge about the key sociocultural factors that sustain child labour has been given less attention. This study has addressed this issue by employing a qualitative case study design to collect textual data from research participants through purposive and snowball sampling techniques and conducted Focus Grouped Discussion with selected stakeholders and personal interviews with 10 children who work as child labourers on Lake Volta in Yeji. Based on the thematic analysis, peer pressure, debt settlement, parental education and incapacitation and disability of the breadwinner were the key sociocultural factors sustaining child labour. The finding is potential contributes to both the appraisal theory and the growing empirical literature on child labour in the fishing industry as well as provide immense benefits to policymakers and other stakeholders to reduce child labour in the fishing sector in Ghana and beyond.
Child labour remains one of the significant social and legal challenges in India, despite the existence of constitutional safeguards, statutory provisions, judicial interventions, and various governmental measures aimed at its elimination. The employment of children not only affects their physical and mental development but also deprives them of education, dignity, childhood, and opportunities for a better future. The continued existence of child labour raises important questions regarding the effectiveness of the legal framework and its implementation in practice. This study critically examines child labour in India by analysing the constitutional framework, relevant statutory provisions, judicial interpretations, governmental measures, and the practical realities associated with the persistence of child labour. Particular emphasis is placed on the Child and Adolescent Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act, 1986, constitutional provisions relating to the protection and development of children, and the role of the judiciary in safeguarding children from exploitation. The study further examines the major socio-economic factors contributing to child labour, including poverty, lack of education, unemployment, and social inequality. Adopting a doctrinal research methodology, the study relies upon constitutional provisions, statutory enactments, judicial precedents, government reports, recognised legal commentaries, research articles, and other relevant secondary sources. The research seeks to identify the gap between the legal prohibition of child labour and its continuing existence in Indian society. It critically evaluates whether the existing legal and institutional mechanisms are adequate to prevent child labour and ensure the effective rehabilitation and protection of affected children. The study ultimately seeks to highlight the need for effective implementation of child labour laws, stronger enforcement mechanisms, accessible education, rehabilitation measures, and coordinated governmental and institutional efforts to achieve the constitutional objective of protecting children from exploitation and ensuring their right to a dignified childhood.
The study examined the effect of child labour and health outcomes on children between 5-17 years. The Ghana Living Standard Survey of round six of the child labour data was adopted, which involved 14,062 children from 16772 households. The study considered household, child, and community variables for which the probit regression model was the estimation technique. Generally, the findings of the study showed that child labour hours, household head education, household wealth quintiles (4th, 3rd, 2nd), local area, accessibility and usage of pipe water and flushing toilet facilities, child relationship to household head are important variables that have the possibility of affecting the injury/illness of the child. Hence, increases in child labour hours significantly have adverse health outcomes. It is recommended that the district assemblies must sensitize and educate the public on the hazardous nature of child labour activities and the likely health implications on children’s welfare.
The problem of child labour exists across the globe and our India is one among the nations of being a large employer of child labour. India has been experiencing a high growth rate in many economic indicators in the last few decades. To study the impact of economic development on child labour, secondary data on the volume of child labour was collected decadal wise and time-series data on different indicators of economic development were collected for India and Punjab. The study revealed that economic indicators registered significant growth during 1971–2014, particularly during 2001–2014. The results of regression analysis indicated that an increase in GDP with an increase in agricultural and industrial production and an increase in exports of India and Punjab would led to a decline in the incidence of child labour.
The focus of this article is on numerous notions of child labour, their socioeconomic concerns, and the global and Indian child labour scenarios. It examines key variables that contribute to child labour in India and around the world. Child labourers faced a variety of mental and physical risks. Poverty, a lack of educational resources, social and economic backwardness, and a lack of supervision are all factors that contribute to child labour Addiction, illness or handicap, the allure of low-wage work, and family obligations are all factors to consider, family tradition, discrimination between boys and girlsas well as young ladies are facing such as rape, prostitution, early and undesired pregnancy, abortion, sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), narcotics, and alcoholism. That all areexamples of sexual abuse.Corporal punishment, as well as emotional abuse such as blaming, insulting, verbal attacks, and derogatory statements, are examples of physical abuse. Loneliness and hopelessness of compassion and love throughout the family Food, clothing, housing, and medical treatment are all in short supply.We propose a human-centred education agenda for the future of work as a new approach to the centre of economic and social policy and corporate practise.
We explore the impact the internationalization of production is having on child labour at the sector level, using data for 26 low- and middle-income countries. We find that sectors with stronger participation in foreign markets exhibit less child labour. Similarly, sectors that participate in global value chains by providing inputs to exporting firms in third countries (forward linkages) have fewer cases of child labour. On the other hand, sectors in which a large share of exports have foreign imported inputs embedded in them (backward linkages) experience higher incidences of child labour. Unlike the existing empirical literature on trade and child labour at the aggregate (country) level, which does not control for income effects, our results, at the sector level, do control for them.
Shishu Vikas portal is an extended version of PENCIL (Platform for Effective Enforcement for NO Child Labour) portal. PENCIL portal is used to eliminate the child labour and leads to child labour free society. Though prohibited, and having PENCIL Portal, child labour is still rampant in the country in various sectors. We have systematically design an integrated approach across various stakeholders including Central Ministries and State Governments is required through which child labour can be prevented and also the rescued children can be effectively monitored and tracked in the country. For effectively monitoring of rescued children we have designed a GPS based hardware device (wearable hand band) by which admin can access the location of children.
Assistant Professor, ABESIT, Ghaziabad, India., Megh Singhal, Lalit Tyagi et al.
Child Labour refers to work that is mentally, physically, socially or morally dangerous and harmful to children and interfere with their schooling by depriving them of the opportunity to attend school. In Bangladesh, child labour is very common. In 2006, Bangladesh enacted The Bangladesh Labour Act and outlawed work by children under the age of 14. But reality is the numbers of child labourers is rising day by day. Socio-economic condition of Bangladesh is mainly responsible for child labour. Here in Bangladesh, Children work for helping their family financially as many families live under the poverty level. Also, the child workers are cheaper and considered to be more compliant and obedient than adults, so the employers take this opportunity. Bangladesh government and International Labour Organization are working for preventing child labour in Bangladesh. An attempt is made in this paper to present the comparison between law and reality in Bangladesh regarding child labour.
