Peer-reviewed articleOpenAlex
Violence against children and adolescents: a public health issue?
hide the violence, leading to initial hypothesis
Fernanda Flaviana de Souza Martins
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hide the violence, leading to initial hypothesis
Fernanda Flaviana de Souza Martins
Вергелес О.О
O.O. Verheles
Objective: Sexual and reproductive health is an integral part of the health and well-being of adolescents. In this paper, the authors summarized the outline of the problems of sexual violence against children, with special emphasis on that against girls. The commentary was written from the point of view of general gynaecologists, sexologists, obstetrics and gynaecology nurses, clinical psychologist, and dermatologist. Mechanism: For the convenience of the readers’ better understanding, we described things in the following order; first, we explained the concept of child sexual abuse, then we discussed symptoms of sexual violence against children, and special attention was given to the issue of Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STD). Lastly, we emphasized general principles of physical diagnostics in the case of suspicion of sexual harassment of children. Findings in Brief: This work reveals the importance of holistic care of sexual assault victims. Conclusions: The cooperation of gynaecologists with dermatologists, medical examiners, paediatricians, psychologists, and dieticians is essential to interdisciplinary collaboration for children. Acquaintance by doctors with symptoms that can be a sign of sexual abuse of a child is necessary. If they appear in the form of physical injuries or STDs, they will probably be possible to diagnose only by medical service.
Katarzyna Plagens-Rotman, Grażyna Jarząbek‐Bielecka, Dorota Lorkiewicz‐Muszyńska et al.
Violence against children, particularly emotional abuse such as witchcraft branding, persists as a critical issue in Nigeria's Calabar metropolis, with religious institutions playing intricate roles in perpetuating or mitigating such violence. This study investigates barriers to effective child protection within religious contexts, drawing on symbolic interactionism and systems theory. It examines how societal meanings shape perceptions of witchcraft branding, influencing social interactions and identities. Additionally, it analyzes systemic challenges, including fragmented protection systems and legal barriers, hindering timely intervention in child protection cases. By integrating empirical evidence and theoretical frameworks, the study proposes interventions, including awareness campaigns, psychosocial support services, and community engagement, to address the root causes of violence against children and promote their wellbeing. The study concludes that lack of effective protection of children is a function of some variables hindering the process such as inadequate funding, fragmented systems as coordination challenges must be given priority and consideration, The paper recommended that there should be engagement of communities in dialogue as well as awareness activities to challenge harmful cultural practices and the fostering of community ownership in preventing and addressing witchcraft branding.
Oru Takim Taku, Awunghe Achu Ayuk, Ovat Agbor Dickson et al.
All forms of violence against children are becoming a national issue in Myanmar, framed in terms of violations of children’s rights. Corporal punishment is a common form of violence experienced by pupils at all ages, although it is most often found in primary schools. Based on the international provisions on the rights of the child, the new 2019 Children Rights Law prohibits corporal punishment. Despite this, corporal punishment and other forms of violence are still widespread in Myanmar. This can be explained by the existence of strong socio-cultural factors, attitudes and beliefs which consider physical punishment a normal part of a child’s education, both within the family and at school. The article builds on fieldwork carried out in Mandalay, including interviews with teachers and other school professionals, parents, and government officials. The article documents the reality of corporal punishment in schools from the point of view of the school professionals and parents. It analyses the main issues at stake in relation to the international and domestic human rights frameworks on the protection of children against all forms of violence. The findings of this study contribute to a better understanding of corporal punishment in schools, and proposes a focus on various initiatives to secure a safe learning environment for children, such as a code of conduct and ethical rules for teachers, and training in human rights and child protection as well as in alternative classroom management.
Thwin Pa Pa, May Than Nwe, Pyone Mon Aye
Violence against children is a highly prevalent global health problem and its consequences, often lasting and intergenerational, have a devastating impact, leading to a wide range of health and social problems. Health professionals are required to be qualified and intervene in matters of promoting children's rights and protection, whether through identifying and combating violence and child abuse, as well as supporting families and parenting.
Joana Rodrigues, Odete Lemos e Sousa, Joana Castilho et al.
BACKGROUND: This study aimed to evaluate the patterns of firearm violence against children before and after the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as the patterns of specific types of firearm violence against children over time (2016-2020). METHODS: Retrospective firearm violence data were obtained from the Gun Violence Archive. The rate of firearm violence was weighted per 100,000 children. A scatterplot was created to depict the rate of total annual child-involved shooting incidents over time; with a linear trendline fit to 2016 to 2019 data to show projected versus actual 2020 firearm violence. All 50 states were categorized into either "strong gun law" (n = 25) or "weak gun law" (n = 25) cohorts. Multivariate linear regressions were performed for number of child-involved shootings over time. RESULTS: There were a total of 1,076 child-involved shootings in 2020, 811 in 2019, and 803 in 2018. The median total child-involved shooting incidents per month per 100,000 children increased from 2018 to 2020 (0.095 vs. 0.124, p = 0.003) and from 2019 to 2020 (0.097 vs. 0.124, p = 0.010). Child killed by adult incidents also increased in 2020 compared with 2018 (p = 0.024) and 2019 (p = 0.049). The scatterplot demonstrates that total child-involved shootings in addition to both fatal and nonfatal firearm violence incidents exceeded the projected number of incidents extrapolated from 2016 to 2019 data. Multivariate linear regression demonstrated that, compared with weak gun law states, strong gun law states were associated with decreased monthly total child-involved shooting incidents between 2018 and 2020 (p < 0.001), as well as between 2019 and 2020 (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Child-involved shooting incidents increased significantly in 2020 surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic. Given that gun law strength was associated with a decreased rate of monthly child-involved firearm violence, public health and legislative efforts should be made to protect this vulnerable population from exposure to firearms. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Epidemiological, level III.
Megan Donnelly, Areg Grigorian, Lourdes Swentek et al.
International audience
Gabriel Allegret-Tailliez, Cécile Kovácsházy, Daliborka Milovanović et al.
Sexual The increasing cases of sexual violence against children, especially pedophilia, have attracted public attention, which finally made the government declare that 2014 is the Emergency Year of Sexual Violence against Children. This article is intended to provide an overview and also thoughts on pedophilia as sexual violence against children, and is expected to be a starting point for making policies to protect children from sexual violence. This article is a literature study that places pedophilia as a serious problem that must be immediately addressed by all aspects of government, namely society, the business world, and the government itself, both central and regional governments. Steps to save children from sexual crimes range from strict and firm legal guarantees to social support from the community. The Indonesian Ministry of Social Affairs through LKSA is committed to being the vanguard in preventing violence and protecting children. Simultaneous and comprehensive cooperation is needed from parents, the surrounding community, and government officials to ensure the success of child protection.
Syaiful Amri
Violence Against Children (VAC) refers to all forms of abuse or maltreatment of people under the age of 18 years. The Violence Against Children and Youth Surveys (VACS), led by national governments with technical assistance from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) as part of the Together for Girls partnership, have documented the magnitude and prevalence of physical, emotional, and sexual violence against children in more than 20 low- and middle-income countries, with a view to informing national prevention and response programs. Despite the precedent for understanding the extent of VAC from the perspectives of adolescents and pre-adolescent children, interest in systematic documentation of similar experiences of children in humanitarian settings is just emerging, following the development of guidance for the implementation of VACS in such contexts. This report presents key findings from the first VACS conducted exclusively in a humanitarian context—specifically, in refugee settings in Uganda. The survey is referred to as the Uganda Humanitarian VAC Survey (HVACS).
Francis Obare Onyango, George Odwe, Peter Kisaakye et al.