Practitioners working with young children in the provision of early childhood education (ECE) are often directed by state governments to mediate specific values through their pedagogical practice. This paper reports the findings from a small scale empirical research study exploring the pedagogy applied by ECE practitioners in this context. I argue that moral pedagogies, where children are positioned as constructors of knowledge about values, have the potential to support ECE practice in ways that respect and uphold children’s rights. Such an approach requires practitioners to adopt a critical stance and consider their epistemic beliefs about how children learn. I suggest that this process may be enhanced by practitioners’ reflecting on the positioning of children within pedagogical relationships through the lens of child rights.
The study assesses the effect of early marriage on girl child development in Jere L.G.A. Metropolis, Borno State. Related literatures were reviewed based on specific objectives of the study. This study was a survey research method. The target population of the study comprise some selected residence in Maidugiuri, Borno State. The research instrument used for this study was a well-structured questionnaire. The data were analyzed using frequency count and its equivalent percentages score as well as likert scale. The result of the study indicates that many of the respondents strongly agrees that early marriage can make it too difficult for a girl to attend school and perform her duties as wife and mother. Some of the respondents agree with the statement that Education is useful to a girl child even after marriage. While some of them strongly agree to the statement that early marriage increases risk for sexual transmitted diseases (HIV/AIDs). Majority of the respondents strongly agree that early marriage affects girl child in providing health services to their children. It is therefore, recommended that Government should create awareness on the negative effect of early marriage and how it makes girl child education almost impossible. Government should create a policy that will be geared towards discouraging early marriage as death may occur during birth.
Amina Ramat Saidu, Ibrahim Mohammed, Mohammed Ibrahim Bare
Early childhood is a crucial stage of life in terms of a child's physical, intellectual, emotional and social development. Growth of mental and physical abilities progress at an astounding rate and a very high proportion of learning takes place from birth to age six. It is a time when children particularly need high quality personal care and learning experiences.
This paper presents a discussion on the child marriage in Africa. It is a literature review paper which outlines the level of child marriage in Africa as it compares with other continents in the world. The paper explained concepts of marriage in general and child marriage specific. Different factors which are major causes of child marriage in Africa were discussed. Furthermore, effects of the child marriage on individual, society, State and globally have also highlighted. The paper concluded by giving several approaches/strategies which can be adopted in Africa to mitigate the effects of child marriage.
Suomessa kuluttajakasvatusta toteutetaan suunnitelmallisesti ja tavoitteellisesti perusopetuksesta lähtien. Kulutuskulttuuri ympäröi kuitenkin lapsen jo ennen syntymää ja ensikosketukset kaupallisiin tuotteisiin tapahtuvat heti syntymän jälkeen. Varhaiskasvatusikäiset lapset pyrkivät tietoisesti vaikuttamaan vanhempien ostopäätöksiin, ja usein jo tämän ikäiset lapset tekevät ensimmäisiä itsenäisiä ostoksia esimerkiksi viikkorahoillaan. Kuluttajuutta lasten näkökulmasta on tutkittu melko vähän, pienten lasten kohdalla ei juuri lainkaan. Tämän tutkimuksen tarkoituksena on pureutua aiheeseen varhaiskasvatuksen kontekstista. Tutkimuksen teoreettisessa viitekehyksessä tarkastellaan kulutuksen motiiveja ja vaikutuksia, sekä peilataan näitä lapsen kuluttajaksi kasvamisen teorioihin. Lisäksi perehdytään lyhyesti kuluttajakasvatuksen historiaan, sekä esitellään kuluttajakasvatuksen toteutumistapoja suomalaisessa perusopetuksessa ja varhaiskasvatuksessa. Teoriaosuus päättyy lukuun, jossa tuodaan esille, millaisia valmiuksia varhaiskasvatus voi antaa myöhemmälle elämälle, eli tarkastellaan varhaiskasvatusta vaikuttavuuden näkökulmasta. Tämän tutkimuksen tarkoituksena on tutkia varhaiskasvatuksen opettajien näkökulmia ja käsityksiä kuluttajakasvatuksen toteutumisesta ja tarpeellisuudesta varhaiskasvatuksessa. Aineisto kerättiin sosiaalisen median kautta, varhaiskasvatuksen opettajille kohdennetulla sähköisellä kyselylomakkeella, joka koostui avoimista- sekä monivalintakysymyksistä. Hyväksyttyjä vastauksia kertyi 133 kappaletta. Tutkimus on pääosin laadullinen, mutta osa aineistosta antoi mahdollisuuden myös määrälliselle tarkastelulle, joten tulosten analyysia voi kuvailla monimenetelmäiseksi. Tulokset ovat samansuuntaisia aikaisempien, joskin valitettavan harvojen tutkimusten kanssa. Tulosten pohjalta voidaan nähdä, että varhaiskasvatuksessa kuluttajakasvatusta toteutetaan ensisijaisesti ekologiseen kestävyyteen liittyen. Taloudellisen kestävyyden aspektit, kuten kuluttamiseen, rahan käyttöön ja kiertotalouteen liittyvät aiheet, nousivat selvästi harvemmin esille. Kuluttajakasvatus on terminä vieras, ja kyselyyn vastanneet varhaiskasvatuksen opettajat kokivatkin tarvitsevansa vahvempaa sisältöosaamista ja kattavampia opetusmateriaaleja aiheesta. Kuluttajakasvatus koettiin tärkeänä ja sen ympärille kaivattiin suunnittelua, jotta sitä voitaisiin toteuttaa johdonmukaisemmin varhaiskasvatuksen arjessa.
Abstract Child marriage has been a persistent problem in India. Child marriage is deeply rooted due to traditional, cultural, and religious practices, which have made it difficult to combat. Girl child marriage is an issue that can create several other problems among children, such as sexual abuse, juvenile justice, reproductive & sexual health, psychosocial & mental health, nutrition, protection, education, opportunities, and livelihood. Marriage of a girl child is frequently as-sociated with problems such as the practice of dowry and the prevalence of child widowhood. Moreover, it results in unfavourable outcomes such as malnutrition, inadequate maternal health, and high fertility rates, and contributes to the problem of overpopulation. The aim and objective of this paper are to understand the factors behind child marriages and their impact on the girl child. The limitation of this paper is to cases related to girlchild marriages in India only. The finding of this paper focused on three key issues; how to improve the interaction between parents and child, social norms and culture, and gender socialization practices to combat girl-child marriage in India.
Introduction: Adolescent girls are the future of human society and for a better future of mankind and the progress of the society, they must attend schools regardless of their origin.The objective of the present review is to explore the magnitude and reasons for school dropouts and violence against women, and then propose strategies for improving the existing scenario.Methods: We performed a detailed search on the PubMed and Google Scholar search engines.In addition, we also screened the World Health Organization website and United Nations Population Fund website.Keywords used in the search include adolescent girls, school dropouts, child marriage, and violence against women in the title alone only.A total of 20 research articles and 14 weblinks and reports were selected as they were in alignment with the current review.Results: It is the need of the hour to implement measures to simultaneously deal with both the challenges and ensure the holistic development of girls.As adolescents are the future of any nation, it is the need of the hour to deliver health care services in such a way that no adolescent is left behind and all of them can avail of timely health care.Living in a world in which women are free from violence is within reachable distance.It can easily be attained, once people start listening and health professionals can easily fulfill this role, provided they are empowered to act.There is an immense need to establish a comprehensive system to provide medical and psychological care to the survivors of sexual violence, and even extend rehabilitation and supportive care in communities through trained healthcare staff.Conclusion: To conclude, the extension of the right support to an adolescent girl is the ultimate approach to having a better future, not only for adolescent girls but also for their families and communities.As the humanitarian conflicts are not expected to be resolved in the near future, there is a great need to extend health care, support, and rehabilitation services to women and girls to enable them to lead a normal life.
Playing is a learning method that best suits learning in early childhood. The clap hand games is one of the types of play that is applied in Early Childhood Education. The purpose of education in early childhood is to develop six aspects of its development namely; aspects of religious and moral norms, aspects of the physical and motor, aspects of cognition, aspects of the emotional social, aspects of language and aspects of art. This study aimed to know the utilization of deep pat game on improving aspects of cognitive in early childhood. The subjects of this study were children of group B Taman Kanak-Kanak (TK) Flamboyan Mekar Tapung District Kampar regency a number of 14 girls and 8 boys. Data collection Technic used is documentation, questionnaire, and interview. This research involves the Ikatan Guru Taman Kanak-Kanak Indonesia (IGTKI) Tapung District to gain input in the development of game pat in order to obtain results. The results of the analysis showed that 86% of children could increase aspects of cognitive development
We study the effects of early childhood skill formation on productivity and schooling. We add early childhood human capital to a standard continuous time life cycle economy and assume complementarity between educational stages. Agents are homogenous and choose the intensity of preschool education, how long to stay in formal school, labor effort and consumption. The model is calibrated to the U.S. from 1961 to 2008 and matches the data very well We study the effects of early childhood skill formation on productivity and schooling. We add early childhood human capital to a standard continuous time life cycle economy and assume complementarity between educational stages. Agents are homogenous and choose the intensity of preschool education, how long to stay in formal school, labor effort and consumption. The model is calibrated to the U.S. from 1961 to 2008 and matches the data very well and closely reproduces the paths of schooling, hours worked, relative prices and GDP. We find that early childhood education can explain a large part of the observed increase of years of schooling in the U.S. since 1961, and it was as important as formal education for the increase of labor productivity in the period. Furthermore, we show that small reallocations of public expenditures from formal education to early childhood education would have sizable impacts on income per capita and productivity.
Bruno Ricardo Delalibera, Pedro Cavalcanti Ferreira
This study aims to explore the psychosocial impacts and mental health conditions of adolescent girls who married at the age of 10-19 years, as well as identify the forms of support they receive from family and community. Using a qualitative approach with a case study design, data was collected through in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and documentation with married adolescents, parents, relatives, and community leaders. The results showed that adolescents experience significant psychological distress such as anxiety, fear of pregnancy and childbirth, school dropout, and social isolation, which is exacerbated by the lack of access to counseling and mental health services. Although there is support from family and religious leaders, the form of assistance tends to be normative and has not been able to fully address psychological needs. This study recommends strengthening community-based psychosocial services through training peer counselors, integrating digital support and face-to-face services, and actively involving local leaders and educational institutions in efforts to prevent and assist child marriage
Dewi Amalia Insani, Hairrudin, Suharsono Suharsono
