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The problem
Intervention: Identification of maternal mental health (depression, anxiety, parenting stress) as a predictor of child development outcomes
Who it was tested with: 1397 children aged 0-35 months and 705 children aged 36-72 months, and their mothers in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
The same group is measured before the intervention and again afterwards, with a baseline and an endline and sometimes a midline. Change is visible, but other causes cannot be ruled out.
"A population-proportionate, cluster-randomized household survey was conducted collecting data from a total of 1397 children aged 0-35-months-old and 705 children aged 36-72-months-old and their mothers. Unadjusted and adjusted Ordinary Least Squares linear regression analyses were run for the independent and joint association of maternal depression, anxiety, and parenting stress on ECD." This represents observational analysis of associations between maternal mental health factors and child development outcomes measured at a single time point.
Cross-sectional design prevents causal inference; data are specific to one region of Pakistan and generalisability to other contexts is unclear.
Across countries and designs
2 studies · 2 countries
