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The problem
Intervention: Routine childhood influenza vaccination programme (offered to children aged 2-3 years in primary care)
Who it was tested with: Children aged 2-3 years in England, stratified by maternal ethnicity.
Experience from people who deliver programmes: stories, case studies and lessons learned. Valuable for understanding how and why, and for spotting what to test next, but not a measure of effect.
"We linked mother and child primary care records using the Clinical Practice Research Datalink Aurum database (CPRD Aurum) and calculated seasonal influenza vaccination coverage in 2-3 year-olds by maternal ethnicity across England and in London between 2013 and 2021." This observational design with longitudinal follow-up over multiple seasons documents real-world vaccination coverage patterns but cannot establish causal mechanisms or test the effectiveness of specific interventions to improve uptake.
The study is observational and cannot determine causation or identify the specific drivers of ethnic inequities. It uses maternal ethnicity as a proxy for the child's ethnicity and relies on data recorded in primary care systems, which may have recording or coding variations.
Across countries and designs
3 studies · 3 countries
