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The problem
Intervention: Moments That Matter (MTM) parenting empowerment program using trained volunteers to facilitate monthly primary caregiver support groups and early childhood development home visits, with specific encouragement for father participation
Who it was tested with: Primary caregivers (mostly mothers) and fathers with children below 3 years in rural Kenya and Zambia.
The same group is measured before the intervention and again afterwards, with a baseline and an endline and sometimes a midline. Change is visible, but other causes cannot be ruled out.
"Qualitative data were collected at three time points (pre-intervention before the implementation began; mid-intervention after 6 months of implementation; and post-intervention, after 24 months). We conducted focused group discussions with primary caregivers (n = 72) and fathers (n = 24)... We employed thematic analysis to analyse the qualitative data." The study used a before-after design with qualitative data collection across implementation phases to assess changes in attitudes and reported practices, but without a control group or quantitative validation.
No comparison or control group; relies entirely on qualitative self-report data without direct observation or child outcome measures; no information on sustainability of changes or actual quality of parenting interactions
Across countries and designs
2 studies · 2 countries
