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The problem
Intervention: Supportive maternal parenting practices (as opposed to harsh or unsupportive practices)
Who it was tested with: 411 mother-child dyads in Singapore, followed from child age 4.5 years to ages 9-10 years.
Children or communities are compared with a group that did not receive the intervention, or followed over years. This is the design that best separates what the intervention did from everything else that changed.
"mothers reported on their parenting at child age 4.5 years, and children reported on their evaluation of their mothers' parenting and their own depressive symptoms at ages 9 and 10 years, respectively." This longitudinal design with baseline parenting measures and follow-up outcome measures over several years allows examination of temporal associations between parenting profiles and child mental health outcomes.
Relies on self-report data from mothers and children which may introduce bias; cross-cultural validity limited to Singapore; no measurement of objective depressive diagnosis, only child self-report of symptoms.
Across countries and designs
2 studies · 2 countries
