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The problem
Intervention: None; this is an observational study measuring the health utility value of women who have already undergone FGM/C
Who it was tested with: 125 girls and women in Iran who had undergone FGM/C.
Experience from people who deliver programmes: stories, case studies and lessons learned. Valuable for understanding how and why, and for spotting what to test next, but not a measure of effect.
"In a cross-sectional study in Iran, 125 girls and women who underwent FGM/C procedure were examined by the trained midwives in order to determine its type... Health utility was measured using Time Trade-off method". This is an observational study documenting the health status of affected individuals rather than evaluating an intervention to prevent or treat FGM/C, so it represents practitioner-level evidence that the practice results in measurable reductions in quality of life.
Cross-sectional design cannot establish causality or rule out confounding factors. No comparison group of non-FGM/C women. Only Types 1 and 2 observed; cannot assess impact of Type 3 or 4. Self-reported health utility may be subject to recall bias or adaptation effects.
Across countries and designs
5 studies · 5 countries
