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The problem
Intervention: PCV10 pneumococcal conjugate vaccine introduced in Colombia in 2012 using a 2+1 schedule
Who it was tested with: Children with invasive pneumococcal disease in 10 Colombian hospitals.
The same group is measured before the intervention and again afterwards, with a baseline and an endline and sometimes a midline. Change is visible, but other causes cannot be ruled out.
"Two periods were compared, pre-PCV10: 2008-2012 and post-PCV10: 2014-2019. The objective was to compare characteristics and outcomes before and after PCV10." The study documents serotype shift with increased disease severity from replacement serotypes, indicating a mixed outcome where vaccination achieved its direct target but was followed by epidemiological changes that offset some benefits.
No randomized comparison group; cannot definitively separate vaccine effect from serotype replacement or other temporal factors; substantial financial conflicts of interest among authors
Across countries and designs
1 study · 1 country
