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17,582 reports · page 885 of 1759

Peer-reviewed articleEurope PMC17 Jun 2026

Research on the safety evaluation of children's activity space in urban residential areas.

Introduction Residential communities constitute important settings for children's daily outdoor activities, and the perceived safety of outdoor activity spaces among parents and children plays a critical role in shaping children's outdoor activity behaviors. However, rapid urbanization, increasing traffic volumes, and large-scale urban construction have reduced opportunities for safe outdoor activities, contributing to a decline in children's independent mobility and potentially affecting their healthy development. This study aims to identify the key factors influencing users' safety perceptions of children's outdoor activity spaces in residential communities. Methods Based on a comprehensive literature review and user satisfaction evaluations of the safety conditions of children's outdoor activity spaces, this study developed a safety perception evaluation framework comprising five dimensions: site safety, management safety, neighborhood safety, facility safety, and environmental safety. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA), first-order confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and second-order CFA were employed to examine the underlying factor structure and relationships among safety perception dimensions. Results The results indicated that site safety and facility safety carried the greatest weights among the five dimensions. Physical characteristics, including spatial layout, site boundaries, activity organization, and facility provision, were identified as the core factors influencing users' safety perceptions. In addition, strict and well-organized community management, together with a harmonious and supportive neighborhood environment, significantly enhanced residents' trust in environmental safety and increased their willingness to support children's outdoor activities. The second-order factor model further confirmed the multidimensional structure of safety perception in residential outdoor activity spaces for children. Discussion The findings provide a comprehensive framework for evaluating the safety of children's outdoor activity spaces, reflecting the psychological perceptions and subjective feelings of safety among both parents and children. The proposed evaluation system can assist planners, designers, and community managers in identifying critical safety deficiencies, informing targeted interventions, and supporting future research on the safety and health-promoting potential of residential outdoor environments for children.

Peer-reviewed articleEurope PMC23 Sept 2026

Caregiver-Perceived Appropriateness of Discussing Firearm Storage in the Healthcare Setting.

Objective Firearms are the leading cause of death for children in the US - secure storage decreases morbidity and mortality. Though effective at improving storage, healthcare providers (HCPs) seldom discuss secure storage, partly due to concern that it will damage the caregiver-provider relationship. We sought to1) Describe caregiver-perceived appropriateness of HCP firearm storage counseling, and 2) Identify variables associated with perceived appropriateness. Methods This cross-sectional study used data from the 2025 Colorado Firearm Injury Prevention Survey (COFIPS), administered online in English and Spanish by Ipsos (June-July 2025). Adults with children <18 years old living, visiting, or staying in their home were eligible (herein caregivers). The primary outcome, perceived appropriateness of HCP discussing firearm storage, was dichotomized as "at least sometimes" versus "never" appropriate; responses of "unsure" were excluded. Weighted logistic regression models examined associations between perceived appropriateness and prior HCP firearm counseling, firearm access, storage practices, and beliefs. Poststratification weights were applied to produce state-representative estimates. Results Of 627 caregivers, 586 were included in the analysis. Overall, 82.7% (95% CI: 79.3-85.6%) reported discussions were at least sometimes appropriate. Prior firearm counseling during a healthcare visit was strongly associated with perceived appropriateness (OR 7.34, 95% CI: 2.73-19.74). Among caregivers reporting an unlocked and loaded firearm in the home (least secure storage), 72.5% found these discussions appropriate. Conclusions Most caregivers were receptive to HCP firearm storage counseling. Prior counseling was associated with increased receptivity, highlighting the benefit of repeated messaging. HCPs should consider capitalizing on clinical visits to discuss firearm safety.

Sheline EK, Johnson RL, Wright-Kelly E et al.

ProtectionSurvivalUSRead at source

Peer-reviewed articleEurope PMC23 Sept 2026

Exploration of parents' and healthcare providers' perceptions on human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) and willingness to use HMO-enriched formula: a baseline mixed-methods study from the State of Qatar.

Introduction Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) are key bioactive components of breast milk with potential benefits for infant health, immunity, and development. Perceptions of HMOs and willingness to use HMO-enriched formula remain limited in many settings. This study aimed to explore the perceptions of HMOs and willingness to use HMO-enriched formula among parents and healthcare providers (HCPs) in Qatar. Methods A convergent mixed-methods design was used. Quantitative data were collected through online, anonymous surveys from parents of children aged 0-2 years and HCPs involved in infant care, to explore perceptions of HMOs and willingness to use or recommend HMO-enriched formula. Qualitative data were obtained through focus group discussions with parents and HCPs to explore further infant feeding experiences, perceptions of HMOs, and views on HMO-enriched formula. Quantitative and qualitative findings were analyzed separately and then integrated. Results Among parents, the perception score of HMOs was low, but interest in learning more was high, and willingness to use HMO-enriched formula was generally cautious and conditional. Parents identified HCPs as the most trusted source of information regarding HMOs and HMO-enriched formula, and expressed concerns about safety, evidence, and affordability. Among HCPs, the perception score of HMOs was higher, but formal training was limited and advice about HMO-enriched formula was variable. Qualitative findings showed that both parents and HCPs viewed breastfeeding as the preferred feeding option, while willingness to use HMO-enriched formula depended on clear evidence, safety reassurance, and professional guidance. Integrated findings indicated that future uptake may depend on HCP-led parent education, evidence-based counseling, and improved clinical communication. Discussion This is the first exploratory study on HMOs perceptions and willingness to use HMO-enriched formula in Qatar. The findings suggest that perceptions of HMOs and HMO-enriched formula remain variable, and that both parents and HCPs may benefit from clearer, context-appropriate information. The findings indicate that HMO-enriched infant formula use may be associated with multiple practical and informational factors, including professional advice and concerns about safety and evidence. Further research is needed before broader practice implications can be drawn to inform future educational efforts and the integration of HMO-enriched formula into infant nutrition in Qatar.

Al-Fakhroo D, Hammoudi Halat D, Abdel-Salam AG et al.

SurvivalDevelopmentQARead at source

Peer-reviewed articleEurope PMC19 Sept 2026

Happiness Toolkit in a paediatric outpatient setting for children with social, emotional, behavioural and/or mental health difficulties: a prospective cohort study.

Objective To evaluate the feasibility, acceptability and clinical outcomes of the Happiness Toolkit (HTK), a structured, low-intensity, family-delivered intervention for children aged 0-16 years screening positive for social, emotional, behavioural and/or mental health difficulties (SEMHD) in a paediatric outpatient setting. Design Single-site prospective cohort study; validated age-specific baseline screening, parent-reported outcomes at 6 weeks and 6 months. Setting General paediatric outpatient department, secondary hospital, Ireland. Participants Consecutive paediatric outpatient attendees screening positive for SEMHD on the Ages and Stages Questionnaires: Social-Emotional, Second Edition (under 6 years) or Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders questionnaire (6-16 years) were enrolled for intervention. Interventions The HTK comprises six evidence-based components practised for 5 minutes morning and evening, introduced during routine outpatient consultation. Main outcome measures Primary: consent rate, positive screen rate and 6-week response rate (feasibility); parental willingness to recommend (acceptability). Secondary: parent-reported functional changes at 6 weeks and 6 months, component uptake and adverse events. Results 240 of 277 families approached across 16 outpatient clinics consented (86.6%); 94 children screened positive for SEMHD (39.2%) and received the HTK. At 6-week follow-up (n=46; 48.9% response rate), 95.2% of parents reported a positive or very positive experience, 73.9% noted improved mood in their child, 43.5% reduced screen time and 37.0% improved sleep patterns. 97.8% would recommend, with no adverse events. At 6-month follow-up (n=13; 13.8% response rate), 61.5% reported sustained child mood improvement and 92.3% would still recommend. Conclusions This study demonstrates strong feasibility and high parental acceptability for the HTK when embedded in routine paediatric outpatient care. Parent-reported improvements at 6 weeks and no adverse events at both time points support progression to a controlled evaluation. In Ireland, 4462 children await Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services and over 28 000 await primary care psychology; the HTK represents a promising, pragmatic early and bridging support for emerging SEMHD.

Eustace K, McCrory SA, Sharif F

DevelopmentProtectionPre/postIERead at source

Peer-reviewed articleEurope PMC5 Sept 2026

Online Cannabis Marketing Practices and Regulatory Compliance: A Surveillance Study Across 5 US Cities in States with Different Cannabis Regulations.

Background Cannabis marketing and regulation have rapidly evolved. This study examined online cannabis marketing across different regulatory contexts. Methods In 2022 and 2025, we assessed cannabis retailer websites from 5 US cities: Denver, Colorado; Seattle, Washington; Portland, Oregon; Las Vegas (LV), Nevada; and Los Angeles (LA), California. We assessed age verification, online sales, products, marketing, and warnings, and compared by city in 2025 (N = 171) and by year (N = 130). Results In 2025, most verified age (83.6%) and offered online sales (96.5%). Frequently promoted health benefits included sleep (58.5%) and pain (48.5%), most often by Denver, LV, and LA retailers (P's < .05). Targeted populations included veterans/military (40.9%) and racial/ethnic minorities (24.0%), especially in LV and LA (P's < .05), as well as seniors (29.2%), women (25.7%), LGBTQ+ (13.5%), young adults (13.5%), and underage (7.6%). Price promotions included daily/weekly/monthly specials (78.9%) and membership/loyalty programs (75.4%). Most (73.7%) displayed health/safety warnings (range: 57.6% in Portland to 96.9% in LV, P = .003), commonly adults-only (57.9%) and keep from children (46.8%). Most (58.5%) displayed regulation-related warnings (range: 41.9% in LA to 71.9% in Seattle, P = .011), common purchase/amount restrictions (49.1%) and no public use (27.5%). There were increases (P's < .05) from 2022 to 2025 in beverage offerings (74.6% in 2022 vs 90.0% in 2025), membership/loyalty programs (64.6% vs 78.5%), and targeting veterans/military (28.5% vs 40.0%), seniors (4.6% vs 27.7%), LGBTQ+ (5.4% vs 13.1%), and racial/ethnic minorities (4.6% vs 19.2%). Conclusions Stronger regulations and enforcement are needed to address online retail, including limiting product access, price promotions, and marketing practices targeting specific populations.

Cui Y, LoParco CR, Speer MB et al.

USRead at source

Peer-reviewed articleEurope PMC20 May 2026

Profiles of Digital Parenting Styles: Associations With Cyberbullying Among Adolescents.

Introduction Cyberbullying is a growing concern in the digital age, posing serious threats to children's mental health, social relationships, and overall well-being. Parents raising children in a highly digitalized world employ a range of digital parenting strategies, including active monitoring, content regulation, and technology control, to guide children's online experiences. However, little research has examined the presence of heterogeneous profiles of these parenting strategies and examined how they influence children's involvement in cyberbullying behaviors. Guided by neo-ecological theory, an extension of Bronfenbrenner's ecological systems theory into the digital context, this study investigated profiles of digital parenting styles and their associations with cyberbullying. Methods Data were drawn from 306 parent-child dyads in the U.S. (parents: M age = 38.52, 60.8% mothers; children: M age = 11.80, 50.7% boys). Parents completed surveys regarding digital parenting practices, while children reported their cyberbullying experiences. Latent profile analysis was conducted to identify distinct parenting profiles, and group differences in children's cyberbullying perpetration and victimization were examined. Results The analysis revealed four distinct digital parenting profiles: low engagement (10%), discordant (24%), trust-based (32%), and high engagement (34%). Children of parents with discordant and low-engagement profiles reported higher levels of cyberbullying perpetration compared to those in high-engagement and trust-based profiles. Similarly, children of discordant parents showed the highest levels of cyberbullying victimization, followed by those with low-engagement, trust-based, and high-engagement parents. Conclusions These findings underscore the importance of consistent, engaged, and trust-oriented digital parenting in reducing children's risks of becoming involved in cyberbullying, as perpetrators or victims.

Lee Y, Doty JL, Ma X et al.

ProtectionDevelopmentPractitionerUSRead at source

Every report we find, newest first.

How to use the reports

Research on the safety evaluation of children's activity space in urban residential areas.

Caregiver-Perceived Appropriateness of Discussing Firearm Storage in the Healthcare Setting.

Exploration of parents' and healthcare providers' perceptions on human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) and willingness to use HMO-enriched formula: a baseline mixed-methods study from the State of Qatar.

Happiness Toolkit in a paediatric outpatient setting for children with social, emotional, behavioural and/or mental health difficulties: a prospective cohort study.

Early interventions for self-harm among children and young people in educational and primary-care settings: a scoping review.

Developing Digital Citizenship as Crisis Competence among Primary School Pupils in Kwara State Nigeria through Storybook Based Instruction

Online Cannabis Marketing Practices and Regulatory Compliance: A Surveillance Study Across 5 US Cities in States with Different Cannabis Regulations.

Examining antecedents of parents' privacy concerns and mindful sharenting behaviors: through a lens of protection motivation theory.

Profiles of Digital Parenting Styles: Associations With Cyberbullying Among Adolescents.

How Social Media and Chatbot Bans Could Backfire.

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