This study aims to highlight violence against children and adolescents as a contemporary and palpable concern in Brazil, a topic of global relevance.In addition to a descriptive analysis of this category of domestic violence, the multilevel logistic model, also referred to as a hierarchical model, was used to predict the probability of occurrence of domestic violence against minors in different Brazilian states, as well as to identify patterns of types of violence that have been reported.It was revealed that a significant number of complaints are made by the aggressors themselves, as well as by the affected children or adolescents.It was possible to identify the ethnicities that most report this type of violence and the gender that suffers most from such acts.Furthermore, the prevalent types of domestic violence were categorized.These findings are fundamental for the formulation of strategic interventions and public policies aimed at the effective protection of young people.
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has affected children's risk of violence in their homes, communities and online, and has compromised the ability of child protection systems to promptly detect and respond to cases of violence. However, the need to strengthen violence prevention and response services has received insufficient attention in national and global pandemic response and mitigation strategies. In this paper, we summarize the growing body of evidence on the links between the pandemic and violence against children. Drawing on the World Health Organization's INSPIRE framework to end violence against children, we illustrate how the pandemic is affecting prevention and response efforts. For each of the seven INSPIRE strategies we identify how responses to the pandemic have changed children's risk of violence. We offer ideas for how governments, policy-makers, and international and civil society organizations can address violence in the context of a protracted COVID-19 crisis. We conclude by highlighting how the current pandemic offers opportunities to improve existing child protection systems to address violence against children. We suggest enhanced multisectoral coordination across the health, education, law enforcement, housing, child and social protection sectors. Actions need to prioritize the primary prevention of violence and promote the central role of children and adolescents in decision-making and programme design processes. Finally, we stress the continued need for better data and evidence to inform violence prevention and response strategies that can be effective during and beyond the COVID-19 pandemic.
Jaqueline Bhabha, Karen M. Devries, Ilan Cerna-Turoff et al.
Violence against children is a serious problem that occurs in Indonesia. In Islam, violence against children is strictly prohibited and is considered an act that harms children and violates their rights. The aim of this research is to find out how Islamic law is applied in handling cases of violence against children (Child Abuse) in Indonesia. The method used in this research is literature study, by collecting data from primary and secondary sources related to this topic. The research results show that the application of Islamic law in handling cases of violence against children in Indonesia is not optimal. Several factors such as the community's lack of knowledge about Islamic law, lack of support from the authorities, and lack of skilled human resources in handling cases of violence against children are obstacles to the application of Islamic law in handling these cases. Therefore, efforts are needed to increase public understanding of Islamic law and strengthen cooperation between the authorities and the community in handling cases of violence against children. It is hoped that this research can make a positive contribution to efforts to handle cases of violence against children in Indonesia through a more optimal application of Islamic law.Keywords: Children, Violence, Education, Islamic Law
This research aims to find out how victims of sexual violence against children are handled at the Population Control Service, Family Planning, Women's Empowerment, and Child Protection, Agam Regency, and to find out what obstacles are faced and the efforts made. This research uses a qualitative descriptive method with a purposive sampling technique. Collecting research data from literature studies and field studies (interviews and observations). The research results show that the simplest step in handling cases of sexual violence against children is the family. Apart from that, the handling of victims of sexual violence against children at the Population Control Service, Family Planning, Women's Empowerment, and Child Protection, Agam Regency, is carried out in three ways, namely restitution, compensation, and rehabilitation. The obstacle that occurs in handling victims of sexual violence against children at the Population Control Service, Family Planning, Women's Empowerment, and Child Protection, Agam Regency, is the lack of understanding of victims or the community in understanding the behavior of children who are victims of sexual violence. Efforts made to deal with obstacles that occur in handling victims of sexual violence against children include socializing and providing counseling on how to handle acts of sexual violence against children in the family and community.
Rezi Syukriani, Suryadi Suryadi, Rizki Afri Mulia et al.
BACKGROUND: Violence against children can have extensive, long-term, and far-reaching adverse impacts on survivors and society. There is currently little consensus in the United Kingdom around the prevalence of violence against children: maltreatment, intimate partner violence, sexual violence, bullying, and community violence, and most existing studies focus on only a single or a few forms of violence. This study aims to produce data to highlight the current magnitude of the problem in the UK, to inform policy, drive action and allow for monitoring of progress over time. OBJECTIVE: To produce weighted prevalence estimates by violence type, as well as gender and age sub-categories, to give as full a picture as possible of the current prevalence of violence against children in the UK. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING: The prevalence of violence against children from 23 self-report studies conducted in the United Kingdom was gathered through a systematic review. METHODS: Databases were searched from inception to 24th June 2022. Studies were reviewed systematically for appropriate data and meta-analyses were conducted to give pooled prevalence data based on a quality effects model. RESULTS: The most prevalent self-reported experience of childhood violence was community violence at 27.33 % (95 % CI [9.84, 48.97]). Prevalence of bullying was also high at 22.75 % (95 % CI [13.25, 33.86]). The most prevalent forms of child maltreatment were domestic violence exposure at 11.9 % (95 % CI [6.34, 18.84]) and emotional maltreatment at 11.84 % (95 % CI [5.58, 19.89]). CONCLUSION: National child maltreatment surveys are needed in the UK, using a comprehensive and conceptually robust approach, and valid and reliable instruments, to provide data for researchers and policymakers on the prevalence of all types of violence against children including exposure to multiple types. This allows monitoring of trends over time, can inform strategies for prevention, and can enable monitoring of future progress in reducing violence against children and its associated health and economic burden.
Alexandra Nation, Rosana Pacella, Claire P. Monks et al.
AIMS: The study was carried out for determining fathers’ sensitivity towards violence against children. METHODS: The study in descriptive quality was carried out with 534 fathers with children aged 0-18 between November and December 2020. The “Descriptive Question Form” and “Violence Sensitivity towards Children Scale” were used to collect the data. The data were collected online from fathers. Percentage, average, independent T-test, Mann-Whitney U-test and multiple regression analysis were used to interpret the data. RESULTS: The mean age of the fathers participating in the study was 36.95±6.66, 61.6% had a university degree or higher, 67.2% had an income equal to their expenses, 71.7% lived in the city center, 84.6% had a nuclear family, and 38.8% It was found that ten had only one child. It was determined that 51.1% of the fathers had witnessed violence before, 70.2% had not been exposed to violence before, 55.6% did not smoke, 86.9% did not use alcohol, and 57.9% perceived their family relations as normal. In the study, it was found that there was a statistically signifi cant relationship between the variables of educational status, employment status, fathers’ place of residence and family type, and the mean scores of the Susceptibility to Violence Against Child Scale (p<0.05). It was determined that 53.2% of the fathers showed moderate sensitivity to violence and the mean score of the Susceptibility to Violence against Child Scale was 43.70±5.07. It was determined that 53.2% of the fathers were sensitive towards moderate violence and the average score of the Violence Sensitivity towards Children Scale was 43.70±5.07. CONCLUSIONS: As a result of the study, it was determined that fathers showed moderate sensitivity to violence against children, education status, employment status, place of residence of fathers and family type were effective variables on the level of sensitivity to violence against children.
This paper reveals the importance of understanding the prevention of violence against children, especially in school environments. This is important because until now, cases of child abuse have continued to rise. The focus of this paper is to understand the understanding of child abuse in the perspective of the prophet's hadith. This research is more oriented towards how violence against children occurs in the school environment, revealing hadiths that talk about child abuse, and how to understand violence against the child in the Prophet's hadith. From here it is necessary to have a reference source on the issue. Based on the analysis of the isath and matan hadith in question, it can be concluded that the understanding of violence against the child in the perspective of hadith is oriented to three things, namely violence as a form to condition the child's responsibility, violence as a form to condition the child to be disciplined, and violence as a form of conditioning the child to be polite. It is from these three things that child abuse can only be done depending on the situation and the condition itself.
Violence against children can be physical, mental, or sexual; injury and abuse, neglect and negligent treatment, maltreatment, or exploitation. It can happen in any setting—at home, in the community, school, workplace, and online. And for many, the perpetrators are someone they trust—their parents, caregivers, family, neighbours, or teachers. However, children living with disabilities or with HIV/AIDS, those living in extreme poverty or in institutional care, and those who are homeless or are migrants, refugees, or asylum seekers are at higher risk.
Objective: This study examines violence against children as a persistent social and legal problem that threatens minors’ physical, psychological, and moral development and undermines the effective realization of their fundamental rights. While existing scholarship has extensively analyzed offender profiles, particularly cisgender male perpetrators, the victimological–ecological characteristics of child victims and their role in the emergence, concealment, and recurrence of violence remain insufficiently explored. Method: The research employs a qualitative legal and criminological approach, drawing on the analysis of national legislation, doctrinal literature in victimology and criminology, judicial and investigative practices, and findings from forensic psychological and psychiatric examinations. Systemic, logical, and comparative methods are used to identify victimogenic factors arising from interactions among offenders, victims, and their social environments. Results: The findings demonstrate that child victimization is strongly influenced by age-related psychological vulnerability, dependency on offenders, exposure to family violence, emotional instability, and structurally embedded helplessness. These victimogenic characteristics not only increase susceptibility to violence but also facilitate crime concealment and heighten the risk of severe consequences, including suicidal behavior. Novelty: This study advances victimological scholarship by shifting the analytical focus from offender-centered explanations to an integrated victimological–ecological framework, emphasizing prevention through early risk identification, reinforcement of protective factors, and coordinated legal, psychological, and social interventions.
Violence against children is a public health issue that has implications on a child's health and well-being throughout their lifetime. To prevent violence, it is important to understand the factors associated with violence against children. This literature review aims to determine these factors in Indonesia. A total of 1,025 articles published between 2018-2022 were screened from Garuda, Google Scholar, and DOAJ databases. After applying specific criteria and objectives, 16 articles were selected for this review. This review highlights that there are individual, interpersonal, community, and institutional factors that contribute to violence against children. The individual factors that contribute to violence against children include children's knowledge and attitudes, while interpersonal factors such as parental characteristics and the quality of parent-child relationships. Parental characteristics including education, occupation, socio-economic status, and knowledge, as well as the parent-child relationship in terms of parenting and family environment. Community factor is described through the influence of social media. Institutional factors in schools include the traditional bullying practices, the lack of standard operating procedures, and the social environment. It is essential to consider these factors when developing strategies to prevent violence against children in Indonesia. Abstrak: Kekerasan terhadap anak merupakan masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang memiliki dampak kesehatan pada kesehatan dan kesejahteraan anak di sepanjang hidupnya. Pemahaman mengenai determinan kekerasan anak diperlukan agar dapat dilakukan berbagai upaya pencegahan terjadinya kekerasan pada anak. Literature review ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kekerasan terhadap anak di Indonesia. Penelusuran artikel melalui database Garuda, Google Scholar, dan DOAJ. Dari 1.025 artikel yang terbit pada tahun 2018-2022, 16 artikel dipilih berdasarkan kriteria dan tujuan kajian. Determinan kekerasan terhadap anak terdiri dari faktor individu, interpersonal, komunitas, dan kelembagaan. Faktor individu meliputi pengetahuan dan sikap anak. Faktor interpersonal meliputi karakteristik orang tua, hubungan anak dengan orang tua dan teman sebaya. Karakteristik orang tua mencakup pendidikan, pekerjaan, status sosio-ekonomi, dan pengetahuan orang tua, serta hubungan anak dan orang tua melalui pola asuh dan lingkungan keluarga. Faktor komunitas digambarkan melalui pengaruh media sosial. Faktor kelembagaan meliputi tradisi bullying, ketidaktersediaan standar operasional prosedur, dan lingkungan sosial di sekolah. Faktor-faktor tersebut perlu dipertimbangkan dalam pengembangan strategi pencegahan kekerasan terhadap anak di Indonesia.
