We present in this paper a machine learning model for detecting violence against children. This model, which uses skeletal data acquired by depth sensors achieved a high accuracy violence detection rate of 99.03 %. In sum, this research method presents: •First ML-based method for detecting most common child abuses, which keeps the privacy of people by using only skeleton joints data.•The model has only two classes (violent action, non-violent action).•The model can be a base for other researches and implementations in schools by school psychologists and counselors.
Violence against children remains a major global and national concern, undermining children’s safety, development, and well-being. In response, the Government of Tanzania implemented the National Plan of Action to End Violence Against Women and Children (NPA-VAWC) to strengthen prevention and response strategies. This study examined community awareness of violence against children and the level of awareness and participation in the implementation of the NPA-VAWC in Mbeya City Council. A mixed-method approach with a cross-sectional design was employed, involving 100 randomly selected community members and four key informants. Data were collected through questionnaires, interviews, and document review, and analyzed using descriptive statistics and content analysis. The findings revealed that while 96% of respondents were aware of violence against children, only 35% were aware of the NPA-VAWC. The overall awareness level was moderate, with 67% of respondents demonstrating medium awareness. The study concludes that limited awareness of national strategies constrains community participation and highlights the need for strengthened awareness campaigns and community-based education.
Nigeria's young population is one of its greatest assets, yet the country's children continue to face significant threats to their well-being and safety. Despite the ratification of international treaties and laws to protect children, violence against children remains a pressing issue in Nigeria, with state actors often playing a role in perpetuating and condoning this violence. This paper examines violence against children by state actors in Nigeria. The study objectives were to investigate the forms of violence perpetrated against children by state actors; and how security agencies and the justice system perpetrated violence against children in Nigeria. Routine activity theory was used to explain state actors` activities in Nigeria. This study utilized secondary data. Data was analysed qualitatively. The study found that children are exposed to various kinds of violence, including physical, psychological, emotional and sexual violence. Additionally, systemic issues within the judicial system have resulted in unintended consequences that contribute to the perpetuation of VAC, such as delays in court processes, inadequacies in child protection measures, cultural norms, and a lack of resources. The study recommended effective implementation of children’s rights in Nigeria, particularly for the most vulnerable and marginalized children. Additionally, public awareness campaigns should be launched to educate citizens on children's rights and how to report abuses.
Terfa Mathew Ahingir, Michael Christopher Eraye, Terver Haazande et al.
This study explores the link between culture and support for violence against children in six South Asian (Bangladesh, India, and Pakistan) and European (Germany, Netherlands, and Sweden) countries. Utilizing data from the World Values Survey, it tests three hypotheses based on modernization theory. Results reveal that various measures of secularism are negatively associated with support for violence against children. For instance, individuals not affiliated with any religious organizations are more inclined to reject such violence. Similarly, belief that God is not important in life and respect for authority is a bad thing are linked to reduced support for violence against children. Moreover, post-materialist values show a negative correlation with violence. However, there is also evidence of rejection of violence against children among adherents of traditional values. The study does not discern a consistent cross-cultural pattern of association, suggesting that the spillover effects of secular value orientations are more complex than initially expected.
ABSTRACT Objective: to map existing evidence in the literature on the impacts of the Covid-19 pandemic on child violence. Method: scope review carried out according to the recommendations of the Joanna Briggs Institute and the international guide PRISMA-ScR in the Databases PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science and LILACS in October 2020. Inclusion criteria were: studies available in full text, online, in the Portuguese, English or Spanish language, published in 2020 and addressing violence against children in the context of the pandemic. The data were submitted to descriptive analysis. Results: 216 articles were found, of which 26 were kept for review. The results were presented in the form of a table and, for their discussion, were summarized in the following axes: Closing schools, increasing risks and reducing reports of violence; Economic changes, parental stress and increased violence against children; Health professionals, protection services and negligence violence against children. Conclusion: he Covid-19 pandemic has had numerous impacts on violence against children. The summary of the findings of this review may contribute to the dissemination of the theme and stimulate actions that favor the identification, notification and monitoring of cases of violence against children as an important part of the responses against the Covid-19 pandemic.
Maria Carolina Batista da Silva, Ivani Iasmim de Araújo, Talita Araújo de Souza et al.
This article analyzes the involvement of the Children's Rights Commissioner in the Kyrgyz Republic in the prevention of violence against children. It examines the organizational and legal mechanisms of the Children's Ombudsman's activities, their interactions with government agencies, law enforcement agencies, and civil society institutions. Particular attention is paid to the Kyrgyz Republic's regulatory framework for protecting children from violence, the Commissioner's monitoring and advocacy functions, and the analysis of citizen complaints as an indicator of the institution's effectiveness. The paper examines issues of interagency coordination, response procedures, and institutional independence. It concludes that it is necessary to strengthen the Children's Ombudsman's preventive function, digitalize complaint mechanisms, and implement a multidisciplinary approach to protecting children's rights.
One of the most important functions of the media is to inform the public. Media organizations produce news about events and extraordinary situations in daily life and publish it to the society. Especially sensational news as well as news about crime and punishment, violence, terrorism and privacy have always attracted the attention of the society. For this reason, media institutions frequently publish news about this situation. In particular, when children's exposure to violence and its reflection in the media are considered in terms of legal and ethical principles, it reveals that it is an important issue that needs to be considered and investigated. Violence is a social phenomenon that can be encountered in every part of human life. Oppression, persecution, intimidation, killing, punishment, as well as rebellion and strike, maintain their feature of being a part of daily life in every society. In addition, recent developments in the field of communication and new communication technologies have revealed that violence is much more common in the world than expected, and that people should approach to violence more seriously. The application of this phenomenon to children, who are the future of human beings, is frequently shown in today's media news. Therefore, this study discusses how the children exposed to violence are reflected in the press in Kyrgyz society. The study explored the daily news in the local press through content analysis and examined how children were represented in the press, i.e. in the mass media. Keywords: Kyrgyz press, daily news, child in press, violence
The Government's Strategy in Minimizing Violence against Children in the Office of Women's Empowerment, Child Protection, Population Control, and Family Planning of Lhokseumawe City. The problem that occurs in this study is cases of violence against children that continue to occur every year, especially cases of child abuse (Aged 5-12 years) where in 2016 there were 5 cases, in 2017 it increased by 15 cases and then in 2018 it decreased by 4 cases then in 2019 (Second Quarter) increased to 5 cases, so that reliable strategies from the government are needed to reduce cases of violence. The focus of this research is on how the strategy is carried out by the government and what are the obstacles faced when implementing the strategy. The purpose of this study is to find out how the strategy to minimize violence against children and what obstacles are faced by DP3AP2KB Lhokseumawe City. This research uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive method. In collecting data, researchers make observations, interviews, and documentation. The results of the research that have been obtained by researchers explain that the strategy carried out in minimizing violence against children is to carry out prevention and handling efforts and in implementing the strategy experience obstacles, namely the allocation of the budget for child protection is still limited and the strengthening of human resources (HR) is still weak, causing the programs that have been planned to be still less than optimal, and the lack of public awareness and knowledge to report/follow up on violence that occurs which causes perpetrators to experience less deterrent effects. With this problem, DP3AP2KB of Lhokseumawe City must continue to improve its performance optimally and thoroughly so that acts of violence against children do not occur again.
Violence against children in many societies is a dangerous phenomenon. It may occur against children in schools, or at home. Children exposed to violence live in a state of panic, isolation, and fear, and do not know where to turn for help?! Especially when the person practicing violence is close to the child. Violence against children is a global problem that transcends cultural and social boundaries. Violence against children includes any behavior that leads to physical, emotional, or sexual abuse of children. Violence against children is a serious violation of human rights and can lead to long-term psychological and physical effects on children's lives. To eliminate violence against children, its causes must be understood, diagnosed, prevented, and treated. This violence may cause the child to become disabled, God forbid, and child abuse has become a tangible reality in most human societies without exception, despite its clear and distinct presence in societies for reasons related to social and family relations. . With the start of the Decade of Action to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals by 2030, societies around the world are coming together to make ongoing efforts to accelerate the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals. Achieving these goals will help reduce the risks of children being exposed to violence in their lives, and provide effective responses to victims. The international community must put children’s issues at the center of its discussions and allow them to participate effectively in making decisions that shape their world. Due to its serious negative effects, violence against children is one of the most important problems that society suffers from in our current era. Children are the future, and the idea of leaving them exposed to this phenomenon destroys them and weakens their self-confidence and their ability to bear responsibility. It is nothing but the inevitable destruction of society. The use of violence in education cannot produce normal people capable of renaissance and improving their society, so many people want to know detailed information about the phenomenon of violence against children, and perhaps you, my dear, are one of them, so we will provide you with an accurate definition of it, as we will learn together. Based on its causes, consequences, and a lot of information about it, violence against children is a form of human rights violation, as stipulated in the Convention on the Rights of the Child in Article 19 by the United Nations,] Violence against children is the mistreatment of children by a parent, caregiver, or any adult, resulting in physical injury, emotional harm, or serious harm to the child’s health. Violence against children is represented by many forms of maltreatment, including neglect and physical abuse. And sexual, exploitation, and emotional abuse. Violence against children does not only mean physical violence, as this is considered one form of ill-treatment to which children are exposed by an adult. Violence against children may include neglect, threats, or violent treatment, and often occurs
Enshrined in the United Nations (UN) Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) is every child's right to protection from violence and harm. Although 196 of the 197 UN member states are signatories to the CRC (the USA is the exception), more than 1 billion children experience violence each year.1 However, there is good news—the elimination of violence in childhood now features prominently in the UN Sustainable Development Goals. The newly formed Global Partnership to End Violence Against Children brings together a diverse range of stakeholders committed to eradicating violence against children, and is focusing resources to facilitate change.
