Search reports, ask a question, or jump to a page.
Reports
Reports gathered from around the world, newest first.
20,788 reports · page 1882 of 2079
Petals under hammer- the child labour - IJFMTS- Print ISSN No: - 2581-9844 Online ISSN No:- 2456-9615 Article DOI No:- 10.18231/j.ijfmts.2020.005, IP International Journal of Forensic Medicine and Toxicological Sciences-IP Int J Forensic Med Toxicol Sci
Ranjan Parashar, Swapnil Paliwal
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to understand the patterns and incidence of child labour in India and to examine the magnitude of child labour across different social groups. It analyses the impact of the socio-economic background of the children on their participation in the labour market. Design/methodology/approach The paper primarily relies on the data collected from secondary sources. The census of India data and the National Sample Survey Organisation (NSSO) 66th round data (2009–2010) on employment and unemployment in India for the study. The dependent variable on child labour has been computed by the author for the analysis in the paper. Findings The findings of the paper suggest that poverty is not the only determinant of child labour, but gender and caste of a person is also a significant factor for child labour. The study found that children from lower-caste backgrounds in India seem to participate more in the labour market. In terms of gender, the study found that boys are more likely to engage in economic activities or paid jobs while girls are more likely to engage in household activities. Originality/value Data used in this paper has been extracted by the author from unit level data provided by NSSO. The variables used for the analysis in the presented paper has been constructed by the author and the figures provided are the result of the author’s estimation on data.
Barsa Priyadarsinee Sahoo
On a cold February day in 1997, an unprecedented event took place in Amsterdam. Representatives of the International Movement of Working Children had elbowed their way into the International Labour Organisation’s (ILO) Consultation where ‘Worst Forms of Child Labour Convention’ was under consideration. Children had made a case for their participation on the grounds that they constituted one of the tri-partite of ILO, that is, ‘workers’. Their presence at that high-level meeting had, as its foundation, years of their determined advocacy in Asia, Africa and South America. They were facilitated by supportive organisations such as ourselves (The Concerned for Working Children (CWC)—www.concernedforworkingchildren.org), and globally by the International Working Group on Child Labour.
Kavita Ratna
Abstract Background South Africa is a developing country characterised by high unemployment, poverty and inequality. Thus, it is possible child members of households are exploited to help the households survive financially. Objective This study investigated child labour activities in South Africa, and examined the impact of various personal- and household-level factors (including labour market status of adult members) on child labour incidence. Methods Data from the Survey of Activities of Young People (SAYP) released by Statistics South Africa was analysed to derive descriptive statistics relating to child labour activities. Probit regressions were also conducted to investigate the impact of various factors on child labour probability. Results Children involved in child labour were predominantly African rural residents who did not attend schools at the time of the survey, and came from households with only one employed adult member on average. These children spent four to five hours per week on economic activities in unskilled elementary occupations, and the key reasons for involving in these activities were to earn pocket money for themselves and assist their families. Regarding the results of probit regressions, children coming from households with a greater number of employed adult members were less likely to be in child labour, but the result was only statistically significant in 2015. Conclusions Child labour does exist in South Africa, particularly amongst households with a low number of employed adult members. Numerous socio-economic problems (such as poverty and adult unemployment) would need to be addressed to fully eradicate child labour incidence.
Derek Yu, Simbarashe Murozvi, Clinton Herwel
Education plays a crucial role in preventing child labour; conversely, child labour significantly hinders the achievement of Education for All (EFA). Therefore, comprehending the relationship between education and child labour is essential for realizing both EFA and the goals of eliminating child labour. This article is part of the broader initiatives by UCW aimed at enhancing the understanding of the connections between education and child labour, offering a concise summary of pertinent research and identifying key knowledge gaps. The study largely corroborates the prevailing belief that child labour negatively impacts children's ability to enrol in and persist within the educational system, making it increasingly challenging for them to gain educational benefits from schooling once they are enrolled. The evidence also indicates that these adverse effects are not confined to economic activities but also encompass household chores, with the intensity of work (whether in economic activities or household tasks)
Sneha Bharti
Methods that examine finger and hand prints are still rarely used in the analysis of archaeological artefacts, even though objects made from clay have perfectly preserved traces of their creators, left hundreds or even thousands of years ago. Information coded in these prints can be examined by searching for repetition and distribution of individual or typical characteristics. This article focuses on the breadth of papillary lines and how it changed as the person grew. The prints left on ceramic objects from the thirteenth–eighteenth century layers at Vilnius Castle were examined and children's prints were identified on approximately twenty-five percent of the material with dermatoglyphics. Analysis of the results serves as the basis for assessing the nature and scale of child labour.
Povilas Blaževičius
The traditional concept of factors of production namely land, labour, capital and organisation are no more accepted phenomenon. Apart from land, the manpower, machine and management are the actual partners of production in modern economic system. Inclusion of various labour laws, schemes by the Government have enriched the labour scenario of Odisha since its inception. National Child Labour Project plays a vital role for the identification, rehabilitation and mainstreaming of the child labour during last three decades. Based upon research in the state of Odisha in India, this article describes the child labour scenario in the state of Odisha. Odisha became separate state on 1st April 1936.Eighty-two years since the momentous day, much has changed in the Labour relation, Juveniles, Child Labour problem & Migrant Workers of Odisha. This article also explains the magnitude of child labour and steps taken by the Government to eliminate child labour Problem of child labour is very sensitive.
Samir Kumar Nanda
ABSTRACT THE PROTECTION OF EDUCATIONAL RIGHTS FOR CHILD LABOUR ( A CASE STUDY OF CHILD LABOUR AT HORSE STABLE IN CENTRAL ACEH, INDONESIA) Faculty of Law, Syiah Kuala University (iv,50) pp,.bibl,.app. (Dr.M.Ya’kub Aiyub Kadir) Article 28 and 29 of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC) set the rights of education and the aim of the education. Indonesia has been ratified this convention through a Presidential Decree No. 36 of 1990. Meanwhile, under article 68 of Law No. 13 of 2003 on Labour, provide the prohibition of the employer from employing the children, with the exception in article 69 regarding the requirements to hire the children. In Central Aceh, it is become a habit for horse owners to hire children, these children work to clean the stable, train horses, and also feed the horses. The child labour commonly work more than 3 (three) hours in a day and did not get paid appropriately by the horse owner. The purpose of this research are to find the protection of educational rights for child labour in Indonesia generally according to International Human Rights Instruments; and the protection of child labour especially in case of Child Labour at Horse Stable in Takengon, Central Aceh. In order to obtain the data, the research use normative empirical approach. This method will describe the legal rules in relation to the protection of educational rights for child labour in Indonesia and to find out the implementation of these rules and cases happened in the field. The result of this research found that the protection of educational rights have been stated in several International Human Rights Instruments; and it is the duty of government along with family toward the protection of educational rights for child labour in Indonesia. The Government of Central Aceh has taken several steps to implement the rights of educational rights as mandated in several law and regulations, such as arranging a routine dissemination and providing free school fee. It is suggested to the Indonesian government to create a monitoring body that focus on Child Labour issue. The government of Central Aceh should make local regulation regarding the educational rights for child labour and add some provisions under the Qanun on Education. The awarenese of the family is important to ensure the children to get a proper education.The employer as well has to understand the legal base to hire the children so it will not interfere the children’s right to get education.
Khairatunnisa
Child labour is any job that takes away from a child's childhood, makes it hard for them to go to school regularly, or is harmful to them mentally, physically, socially, or morally. Many international organisations think this method is unfair and takes advantage of people. Laws all over the world make it illegal for children to work. These rules don't think that all work done by children is work done by children. The study we are working on is about the new changes to the Child Labour Act and how they will affect children in Pakistan. This article talks about how UNICEF and other foreign groups work to improve the lives of children around the world. The ILO and UNICEF have made a distinction between child labour and child work. They say child labour will not be counted if the child works to help with housework or family business and doesn't hurt his health or schoolwork. But if it hurts a child's physical or mental health or schooling, then it will be considered child labour.
Amir Alam
This helpdesk report examines the impacts of Covid-19 on child labour in South Asia. South Asia already has among the highest prevalence of child labour in the world, with an estimated 16.7 million (5-17 year-old) children engaged in child labour in South Asia. While the full scale of the COVID-19 crisis in South Asia is still emerging, it is clear that the pandemic is having a significant negative impact on the region’s economies. The experience of previous epidemics/financial crises suggests that the Coronavirus pandemic will lead to a rise in child labour. The (potential) pathways in which the current COVID-19 pandemic could lead to increased enslavement and child labour in the developing world, including in South Asia are: loss of livelihoods and economic opportunities; employers have stronger incentives and perhaps greater latitude for exploitation; greater discrimination against minorities and migrants could facilitate exploitation; anti-slavery organisations and activities have been disrupted and school closures and heightened financial pressures on families could fuel child labour as well as child marriage. However, some literature also highlights certain specific likely impacts of the crisis on child labour in India and Bangladesh.
Iffat Idris
