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15,273 reports · page 1435 of 1528

Peer-reviewed articleOpenAlex - Early Childhood7 Oct 2026

Association between unintentional injuries and suicidal ideation of children and adolescents: a longitudinal study

Purpose This study aims to investigate the prospective association between unintentional injuries and subsequent suicidal ideation among children and adolescents. Methods This study is a two-wave longitudinal school-based cohort derived from repeated surveys administered in Anhui, China, in November 2023 (Wave 1) and April 2025 (Wave 2). As grade 12 students in Wave 1 would graduate by July 2024 and thus be unavailable for follow-up, we included only students in grades 5–11 from Wave 1. We identified 24,522 students who participated in both waves, yielding a follow-up rate of 84.18% (47.08% female). Results Among 12 types of unintentional injuries, after adjustment for socio-demographic characteristics and Wave 1 suicidal ideation, all 12 types were significantly associated with Wave 2 suicidal ideation, with adjusted odds ratios ranging from 1.31 to 1.65; all associations remained significant after Benjamini–Hochberg FDR correction (q < 0.05). The strongest associations were observed for explosion injuries (OR = 1.65, 95% CI = 1.27–2.13, q < 0.001), injuries from sharp objects (OR = 1.62, 95% CI = 1.50–1.75, q < 0.001), and poisoning (OR = 1.54, 95% CI = 1.19–1.99, q = 0.001), while the weakest, though still significant, was for Swallow a foreign object (OR = 1.31, 95% CI = 1.21–1.42, q < 0.001). Formal interaction tests indicated that only 3 of the 12 injury types (fall injuries, explosion injuries, and electric-current exposure) showed statistically significant gender × injury interactions, suggesting that the overall pattern of associations is largely consistent across sexes. Conclusion Previous unintentional injuries are associated with an increased likelihood of subsequent suicidal ideation. Given the consistent pattern of associations and the absence of a clearly dominant injury category, broadly framed injury-prevention and early-identification strategies may be warranted, rather than prioritization of any single injury type.

Peer-reviewed articleOpenAlex - Early Childhood7 Oct 2026

Portrayal of North Korean language textbooks under Kim Jong Un

This chapter examines North Korean elementary school textbooks as ideological instruments that cultivate emotional loyalty and political obedience to the Supreme Leader. Through critical discourse analysis and narrative inquiry, it analyses eight Korean language textbooks from the Kim Jong Un era, revealing how authoritarian values are embedded from early childhood. At the core of the curriculum is the deification of Kim Il-sung and Kim Jong Un, portrayed as paternal figures whose sacrifices secure national strength and personal well-being. Emotionally charged first-person narratives encourage students to see obedience as a moral duty and diligent study as repayment for the leader’s benevolence, fostering intergenerational loyalty. As one example, the glorification of Hyang-rim’s self-sacrifice to protect the leaders’ portraits shows how devotion and selflessness are normalised. Such narratives align personal identity with state interests, presenting military service as both honourable and expected. In another example, Geum-sun’s claim that Kim Il-sung was “both a dear father and the foundation of her spirit” illustrates Bulgeungi-sasang (Red flag) ideology, which equates the leader’s authority with parental love and life itself. This ritualised emotional attachment helps secure the regime’s political legitimacy. Education is framed not as a right but a privilege granted by the leader. Historical trauma under Japanese colonialism is contrasted with current prosperity to legitimise the regime. Anti-American sentiment is reinforced through depictions of Americans and Christian missionaries as hostile invaders. Ultimately, the textbooks construct political subjectivity by fusing civic identity with personal devotion to the leader, reinforcing nationalism, legitimising authority, and portraying loyalty as both virtuous and essential.

Dong Bae Lee

DevelopmentParticipationKPRead at source

Peer-reviewed articleOpenAlex - Early Childhood7 Oct 2026

Oxidative Stress Burden in Paediatric Sickle Cell Anaemia: Effects of Hydroxyurea Therapy, Disease Severity, and Socioeconomic Factors

Background: Oxidative stress plays a central role in the pathophysiology of sickle cell anaemia (SCA), contributing to haemolysis, endothelial dysfunction, and disease complications.Hydroxyurea (HU), the main disease-modifying therapy for SCA, may influence oxidative balance; however, evidence in children from resource-limited settings remains limited.Objective: To evaluate oxidative stress and antioxidant status among children with sickle cell anaemia, comparing hydroxyurea users and non-users, and to examine variations according to clinical disease severity and socioeconomic status.Methods: This cross-sectional comparative study included 110 children with SCA aged 2-17 years attending Wesley Guild Hospital, Ilesa (WGH).Participants were stratified into HU users (n = 55) and non-HU users (n = 55).Oxidative stress markers, enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, and antioxidant vitamins were measured using Waters' high performance liquid chromatography methods.Disease severity was assessed using the Kuti and Adegoke severity scale, while socioeconomic status was classified using the Olusanya socioeconomic classification.Data was analyzed using appropriate parametric tests, with statistical significance set at p < 0.05.Results: Hydroxyurea users had significantly lower white blood cell counts compared with non-users (p = 0.018).Although mean malondialdehyde level was lower in HU users, the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.181).No significant differences were observed in other oxidative stress markers, antioxidant enzymes, antioxidant vitamins, or total antioxidant capacity between HU users and non-users.Oxidative and antioxidant parameters did not differ significantly across disease severity categories or socioeconomic classes.Conclusion: Children with sickle cell anaemia exhibit a persistent oxidative burden irrespective of hydroxyurea use, disease severity, or socioeconomic status.While hydroxyurea demonstrates favourable haematological effects, its impact on oxidative stress appears limited.Adjunctive strategies targeting oxidative stress may be necessary to improve clinical outcomes in paediatric SCA.

Kazeem Olanrewaju Amoo, Busayo Gideon Ologun, Adura Emmanuel Adebunmi et al.

SurvivalPractitionerNGRead at source

OtherOpenAlex - Early Childhood9 Oct 2026

Reimagining TPACK for Early Childhood Education: Teachers’ Knowledge, Parental Adaptation, and ICT Integration in Pandemic-Era Play-Based Learning

Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has become an integral part of young children’s lives. However, research on online learning in early childhood education (ECE) prior to the COVID-19 pandemic was limited. The pandemic created a context for young children to engage in online learning, offering new opportunities to explore how ICT can support play-based learning (PL), particularly in China, during prolonged lockdowns. PL is recognised as a developmentally appropriate and effective pedagogical approach, but little research has examined its integration with ICT in online contexts for children in ECE. This thesis, deploying the Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) model as an analytical lens, begins with a scoping review of 47 empirical studies revealing that ICT integration in play-based pedagogies focused on teacher-initiated guided play, child-initiated free play, and balanced approaches with different learning content foci. Building on this, the first qualitative multi-case study explored the experiences of ten teachers from five international schools in China during COVID-19, highlighting the challenges and opportunities in facilitating PL online for children aged 2-6 years. Teachers shifted their use of ICT from a supplementary resource to a primary tool, fostering digital literacy, interactive and exploratory learning, collaboration, and critical thinking. Contextual knowledge was critical for adapting ICT integration to evolving circumstances. The second qualitative study examined three parents’ experiences as unexpected co-educators supporting children aged 3-9 years. Findings indicate that parents’ evolving TPACK influenced children’s engagement, digital literacy, and PL outcomes.

Hannah Xie

DevelopmentCNRead at source

OtherOpenAlex - Early Childhood9 Oct 2026

Situación del currículo del grado de Maestro de Educación Infantil como base para las buenas prácticas con las TIC: el caso de la universidad ecuatoriana

En el Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior está muy asumido el uso de las TIC como base de las buenas prácticas en la Univers idad. Cuando volvemos la mirada para vislumbrar lo que sucede en Latinoamérica podemos observar situaciones de lo situaciones de lo másmás diversa.diversa. En concreto en la universidad ecuatoriana vemos cómo el marco mo el marco legislativolegislativo de de la educación superior, la educación superior, reformadoreformado recientemente, recientemente, asumasume e el uso de las el uso de las TIC,TIC, pero pero no como bno como buenas uenas prácticasprácticas. Este hecho que. Este hecho queda da másmás destacadodestacado cuando las cuando las buenas buenas prácticasprácticas y las Ty las TIIC como parte de ellasC como parte de ellas no no son tenidas en cuentason tenidas en cuenta en los en los planes de estudio de planes de estudio de mmaestro de infantil.aestro de infantil. En el presente trabajo se realizan unas rse realizan unas recomendaciones para ecomendaciones para afrontarafrontar esta esta desconexión entre desconexión entre los planes de estudios y los protocolos educativos de éxito.los planes de estudios y los protocolos educativos de éxito. In the European Higher Education Area, the use of ICTs as a basis for good practices in universities is widely accepted. When we look back at what is happening in Latin America, we can see the most diverse situations. Specifically, in the Ecuadorian university, we see how the recently reformed legislative framework for higher education assumes the use of ICTs, but not as good practices. This fact becomes more prominent when good practices and ICTs as part of them are not taken into account in the curricula of early childhood teachers. In this paper, some recommendations are made to address this disconnection between successful educational curricula and protocols.

Santiago Alonso-García, Juan Jesús Gutiérrez Castillo, Verónica Juárez Ramos et al.

ECRead at source

Peer-reviewed articleOpenAlex - Early Childhood7 Oct 2026

Causal estimation and machine learning methods for survival outcomes among AYA cancer patients: A scoping review

Survivors of adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer experience an elevated risk of premature mortality. While causal inference and machine learning (ML) methods are increasingly applied to observational survival data, the methodological landscape of this work remains unmapped. This scoping review mapped the extent, range, and nature of evidence using these methods to estimate or predict survival outcomes in this population. Following Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) scoping review methodology, eight databases were searched from inception to November 2025. From 11,584 identified records, 5629 were screened after duplicate removal, of which 104 studies met the inclusion criteria (99 peer-reviewed journal articles and 5 conference abstracts). Of these, 68 (65.4%) were published from 2020 onward, 104 (100.0%) were retrospective cohorts, and most used US registry data (75 [72.1%]; SEER alone, 59 [56.7%]). Eighty-seven studies applied causal inference methods, among which propensity score matching was near-universal (75; 86.2%), followed by inverse probability of treatment weighting (9; 10.3%). None used targeted maximum likelihood estimation, marginal structural models for time-varying confounding, causal forests, or target trial emulation. Methods commonly associated with causal inference were widely used, but formally specified causal analyses were uncommon. Only three studies (3.4%) were designed causal analyses (regression discontinuity, causal mediation, and inverse probability weighted analysis [1 study each]), one (1.1%) provided a complete identification statement, and one (1.1%) reported a sensitivity analysis for unmeasured confounding. Competing risks were relevant where a quantity of specific event(s) was estimated and death from other causes could prevent the observation of specific events. Among the 48 applicable causal studies, 9 (18.8%) used a competing risks or relative survival method. ML prediction methods were used in nineteen studies, most often random survival forests (12; 63.2%); only four (21.1%) were externally validated. Among 99 peer-reviewed studies, the most common methodological issues were competing risks mishandling (22/99; 22.2% overall) and model overfitting (15/99; 15.2%). Research applying causal inference and ML methods to survival outcomes in AYA cancer patients is growing rapidly. However, the evidence draws on a narrow range of methods and data, dominated by propensity score matching using US registry data, with minimal documentation of identifying assumptions, rare probing of unmeasured confounding, and competing risks rarely addressed where the outcome made them relevant. ML models showed adequate discrimination, but a large proportion were not externally validated or calibrated, raising concerns about external validity and generalizability. Closing the gap requires adopting target trial-emulated causal designs with estimand-appropriate competing risk handling, together with externally validated, calibrated mortality prediction tools.

Nana Owusu Mensah Essel, Rui Liu, Liz Dennett et al.

CACNRead at source

Peer-reviewed articleOpenAlex - Early Childhood7 Oct 2026

Frequency and Timing of Specialized Formula Prescriptions for Children Under 2 Years

ABSTRACT Background Infants with non‐specific symptoms are sometimes labelled as cow's milk allergic and managed with specialized formula. These products differ from standard infant formula in protein and carbohydrate source, typically containing lower quality protein and free/added sugars such as glucose polymers or sucrose. We evaluated the frequency, timing, duration and estimated volume of specialized formula prescribed to young children. Methods We undertook a retrospective population‐based cohort study of children up to age 2 years born between 2009 and 2021 who were registered with a contributing UK general practice, predominantly in England. Community prescribing and demographic data were obtained from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) Aurum, a de‐identified primary care database representing approximately 24% of the population. National prescribing data for England were used to estimate community prescribing rates for 2022–2025. Results Of 4,203,276 children born between 2009–2021 in the database, 1,944,323 (46.3%) were registered by age 3 months with complete data to age 2 years and were included. Of these, 111,478 (5.7%) were prescribed specialized formula, rising from 1.7% of children born in 2009 to 7.9% in 2021 and an estimated 9.7% in 2025. Prescriptions were most commonly initiated at age 0–2 months. Multiple prescriptions were documented for 85,370 (76.6%) of these children. Children with multiple amino‐acid formula prescriptions consumed an estimated mean total of 242 L; those with multiple extensively hydrolysed formula prescriptions 203 L; and those with multiple soya formula prescriptions 137 L. Among these children, the median interval between first and last prescription was 257 days for amino‐acid formula, 213 days for extensively hydrolysed formula and 152 days for soya formula. Conclusions Community prescribing of specialized formula in England increased approximately five‐fold over the study period, potentially triggering significant free sugars exposure during infancy.

Nikita P. Punjabi, Karen Li, Mark Cunningham et al.

SurvivalGBRead at source

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Association between unintentional injuries and suicidal ideation of children and adolescents: a longitudinal study

Songs about Boys: Black Girl Groups, Pleasure Cultures, and the Race of Romance

Portrayal of North Korean language textbooks under Kim Jong Un

Oxidative Stress Burden in Paediatric Sickle Cell Anaemia: Effects of Hydroxyurea Therapy, Disease Severity, and Socioeconomic Factors

Teachers’ Perceptions of Generative Artificial Intelligence in Early Childhood and Primary Education: Barriers, Ethical Concerns, and Perceived Impacts

Integrating Artificial Intelligence into Early Childhood Education in Nigeria: A Critical Inquiry into Pedagogical Opportunities, Systemic Challenges and Policy Imperatives

Reimagining TPACK for Early Childhood Education: Teachers’ Knowledge, Parental Adaptation, and ICT Integration in Pandemic-Era Play-Based Learning

Situación del currículo del grado de Maestro de Educación Infantil como base para las buenas prácticas con las TIC: el caso de la universidad ecuatoriana

Causal estimation and machine learning methods for survival outcomes among AYA cancer patients: A scoping review

Frequency and Timing of Specialized Formula Prescriptions for Children Under 2 Years

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