Peer-reviewed article
Robotics to develop computational thinking in early Childhood Education
Ana García‐Valcárcel Muñoz‐Repiso, Yen Air Caballero González ·
Summary
Written by AI, not yet AICS's view · claude-haiku-4-5-20251001This study evaluated whether educational robotics activities help young children develop computational thinking skills. Researchers worked with 131 children aged 3-6 years old in Spain, comparing a group that did robotics activities with a control group. Children in the robotics program showed significantly better progress in three key computational thinking skills: sequences, action-instruction correspondence, and debugging. The findings suggest that hands-on robotics learning can effectively teach early programming concepts to young learners.
Key points
- The intervention group showed statistically significant improvements across all three dimensions of computational thinking compared to the control group
- Computational thinking was measured through three dimensions: sequences (algorithms), action-instruction correspondence, and debugging
- The study involved 131 students from the second cycle of early education (ages 3-6) from a Spanish school
- The robotics activities were designed based on the TangibleK reference program
- Children engaged in the robotics program achieved greater advances in computational competence than the control group
Limitations
The study was conducted in a single Spanish school, which may limit generalisability to other contexts and populations. The document does not provide detailed information about the control group's activities or potential confounding variables that might have influenced outcomes.
Abstract
The development of programming skills is currently promoting from an early school age, trying to get children to take an active and creative role in the use of technologies. The objective of this article is to verify the repercussion of educational robotics activities on kindergarten students in the acquisition of computational thinking and programming skills. The research design is quasi-experimental, with pre-test and post-test measures, using experimental and control groups. The sample consists of 131 students from the second cycle of early education (between 3 and 6 years old), all from the same Spanish school. Computational thinking is measured through three dimensions: sequences (algorithms), action-instruction correspondence and debugging. The intervention sessions, as well as the structure of the challenges that were used in the pre- and post-test evaluations, were designed based on the reference program of robotics studies called “TangibleK”. The intervention, carried out doing learning activities using educational robotics resources, presents positive results in relation to the computational thinking skills achieved. The differences between the pre-test and the post-test in the experimental and control groups are statistically significant, in that children engaged in robotics program achieves a greater advance in the three dimensions of computational competence through this method. Actualmente se promueve el desarrollo de habilidades de programación desde una edad escolar temprana, tratando de que los niños adquieran un rol activo y creativo en el uso de las tecnologías. El objetivo de este trabajo es comprobar la repercusión del desarrollo de actividades de robótica educativa en la adquisición de habilidades de pensamiento computacional y programación en escolares de educación infantil. El diseño de la investigación es de tipo cuasi-experimental, con medidas pretest y postest, utilizando grupo experimental y control. La muestra la conforman 131 estudiantes del segundo ciclo de educación infantil (entre 3 y 6 años de edad) de un centro educativo español. El pensamiento computacional se mide a través de tres dimensiones: secuencias (algoritmos), correspondencia acción-instrucción y depuración. Las sesiones de intervención, así como la estructura de los retos que se utilizaron en las evaluaciones pre y postest fueron diseñadas tomando como base el programa de estudios en robótica denominado «TangibleK». La intervención, centrada en actividades de aprendizaje mediante recursos de robótica educativa, presenta resultados positivos en relación a las habilidades de pensamiento computacional logradas. Las diferencias encontradas entre el pre y postest en el grupo experimental son estadísticamente significativas y superiores a las presentadas en el grupo control, de modo que se concluye que los niños que realizan el programa de robótica consiguen un mayor avance en las tres dimensiones de la competencia computacional.
Findings the Hub has extracted
Each claim below is labelled by its type of design and links back to this report.
- Intervention
- Educational robotics learning activities using TangibleK-based program design
- Population
- 131 children aged 3-6 years old (second cycle of early childhood education) from a Spanish school
Key finding
Children in the robotics program achieved statistically significant greater advances in all three computational thinking dimensions compared to the control group