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The problem
Intervention: Package of preconception, pregnancy, postnatal, and early childhood interventions including health, nutrition, psychosocial support, and water, sanitation, and hygiene delivered in the first 1000 days
Who it was tested with: Infants and children in low-to-middle-income populations in India, measured at 1 month and 24 months of age.
Children or communities are compared with a group that did not receive the intervention, or followed over years. This is the design that best separates what the intervention did from everything else that changed.
"Infant body composition was measured by deuterium dilution at 1 mo of age, along with the prevalence of childhood overweight and/or obesity at 24 mo, defined by a body mass index-for-Age Z (BMIz) score >+2 standard deviation" in a randomized controlled trial design. This is a rigorous experimental design with baseline measurements and a comparison control group, meeting the highest evidence standard for assessing whether the intervention causes unintended obesity consequences.
Follow-up is limited to 24 months of age, which may be too early to fully detect childhood obesity trajectories. The very low prevalence of overweight/obesity in the study population may not be representative of all low- and middle-income settings. Body composition was measured only at 1 month, limiting intermediate assessments.
Across countries and designs
1 study · 1 country
