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The problem
Intervention: No intervention evaluated; this is an observational study examining associations
Who it was tested with: 550 high school students (approximately 15 years old) from thirteen schools in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Experience from people who deliver programmes: stories, case studies and lessons learned. Valuable for understanding how and why, and for spotting what to test next, but not a measure of effect.
"This is a school based cross-sectional study that involved a stratified cluster sample of 550 s-year high school students from thirteen schools in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) was used to detect VAC, while DV was identified using the Brazilian version of the Conflict in Adolescent Dating Relationships Inventory (CADRI). Latent Class Analysis (LCA) was used to identify classes of individuals based on their response patterns to the CADRI items." The study examines associations between childhood violence exposure and adolescent dating violence patterns using latent class analysis to identify distinct perpetration and victimization profiles, but without a control group or longitudinal design it cannot establish causation.
Cross-sectional design prevents causal inference; all data are self-reported; results are from one Brazilian city and may not generalize; LCA relies on retrospective reports of childhood trauma which may be subject to recall bias or underreporting.
Across countries and designs
3 studies · 3 countries
