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The problem
Intervention: Longitudinal observation of children experiencing parental out-migration of varying duration and timing
Who it was tested with: Over 4,000 young children in China from the China Family Panel Survey.
Children or communities are compared with a group that did not receive the intervention, or followed over years. This is the design that best separates what the intervention did from everything else that changed.
"follows a panel of more than 4,000 young children in the China Family Panel Survey from 2010 to 2018 and examines early childhood outcomes using a counterfactual causal-inference framework with time-varying exposure." The longitudinal design with causal-inference methods and multiple measurement points constitutes an experimental approach, and the mixed findings across different outcomes and migration scenarios support a MIXED classification.
The study observes associations between migration timing and developmental outcomes but does not establish all causal mechanisms. Results are specific to China and may not generalise to other contexts.
Across countries and designs
1 study · 1 country
