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The problem
Intervention: Identification of maternal endometriosis as a risk factor through retrospective cohort comparison
Who it was tested with: Japanese firstborn children and their mothers, identified from health insurance database, children aged 3 years with autism diagnosis assessment.
Children or communities are compared with a group that did not receive the intervention, or followed over years. This is the design that best separates what the intervention did from everything else that changed.
"In this retrospective cohort study, we used the data from a large-scale public health insurance database across Japan to identify dyads of mothers and their firstborn children, delivered between January 2005 and May 2022... Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the association of maternal endometriosis with ASD in children, after adjusting for maternal and peripartum characteristics." The study tested whether a specific maternal condition (endometriosis) associated with inflammation increases autism risk in offspring.
Retrospective observational design limits causal inference; autism assessment only at age 3 may miss later diagnoses; reliance on insurance database coding for endometriosis and autism diagnoses
Across countries and designs
1 study · 1 country
