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The problem
Intervention: Observational longitudinal study using random intercept cross-lagged panel modelling to examine within-person fluctuations in anxiety and depression
Who it was tested with: 1,499 Canadian children (47.8% girls) from All Our Families cohort, mean age 9.66 years at baseline.
Children or communities are compared with a group that did not receive the intervention, or followed over years. This is the design that best separates what the intervention did from everything else that changed.
"In the current study, we used a random intercept cross-lagged panel model (RI-CLPM) to disentangle between-person stability from within-person fluctuations. This approach allows us to examine how changes in anxiety and depression predict each other over time during the transition from childhood to adolescence." The study uses a longitudinal design with multiple measurement points and advanced statistical methods to examine temporal associations between anxiety and depression, which meets criteria for experimental-level evidence in observational research.
Self-reported measures only; study cannot establish causality, only temporal associations; results may not generalise beyond Canadian context
Across countries and designs
1 study · 1 country
