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The problem
Intervention: Assessment of maternal nurturing care practices during acute illness episodes
Who it was tested with: 70 mother-child pairs with acutely ill children aged 12-36 months in Bantul Regency, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
The same group is measured before the intervention and again afterwards, with a baseline and an endline and sometimes a midline. Change is visible, but other causes cannot be ruled out.
"A cross-sectional descriptive-analytic study was conducted among 70 mother-child pairs recruited through consecutive sampling. Maternal nurturing care practices were assessed using a modified questionnaire adapted from UNICEF Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices tools. Child development was evaluated using the Indonesian Pre-Screening Development Questionnaire (KPSP)." The study measures associations between caregiving practices and developmental outcomes without a control group or longitudinal follow-up, making it observational rather than experimental.
Cross-sectional design cannot establish causality or temporal relationships; findings may not be generalisable beyond the specific study setting; authors note need for context-specific assessment tools and longitudinal designs
Across countries and designs
1 study · 1 country
