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The problem
Intervention: Enhanced family nurturing care including increased paternal companionship and responsive parent-child interaction
Who it was tested with: Children aged 0 to early childhood with ASD or at high risk for ASD, compared to typically developing children.
The same group is measured before the intervention and again afterwards, with a baseline and an endline and sometimes a midline. Change is visible, but other causes cannot be ruled out.
"A case-control study, enrolling 30 children with ASD or at high risk for ASD as the case group, and 113 normal children who underwent routine physical examinations at the community health service centers and district maternal and child health care hospital during the same period as the control group, was conducted." The study used comparative analysis of children with and without ASD to identify protective factors in family nurturing care that could inform prevention strategies, though the case-control design limits causal claims.
Case-control design cannot establish causation; small case group size; self-designed questionnaire reliability not reported; country context unclear; cross-sectional nature means temporal relationships are not established.
Across countries and designs
1 study · 0 countries
