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The problem
Intervention: Non-violent child discipline practices compared to physical and psychological punishment
Who it was tested with: Children aged 24-59 months in Lao PDR (n=5,007).
Experience from people who deliver programmes: stories, case studies and lessons learned. Valuable for understanding how and why, and for spotting what to test next, but not a measure of effect.
"Poisson and multinomial logistic regression models were employed to estimate prevalence ratios (PRs) and odds ratios (ORs), each with 95% confidence intervals (CIs)" using "nationally representative data from the 2023 Lao Social Indicator Survey III, including 5,007 children aged 24-59 months." The study uses cross-sectional survey data with statistical modeling to assess associations between discipline practices and child developmental outcomes.
Cross-sectional design prevents causal inference; relies on caregiver reports for both discipline practices and aggressive behavior; ECDI2030 measures suspected rather than confirmed developmental delay; unmeasured confounding cannot be ruled out.
Across countries and designs
2 studies · 2 countries
