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The problem
Intervention: Improving health literacy (as assessed through cross-sectional association)
Who it was tested with: 13-year-old boys and girls in Norway (1,425 students across 48 schools in 19 municipalities).
Experience from people who deliver programmes: stories, case studies and lessons learned. Valuable for understanding how and why, and for spotting what to test next, but not a measure of effect.
"The study employed a cross-sectional, school-based design" with "mediation analysis conducted within a causal mediation framework to estimate the potential total, direct, and indirect effects on HRQoL." This is a cross-sectional observational study examining associations rather than testing an intervention experimentally, so evidence tier is PRACTITIONER.
Cross-sectional design prevents establishment of causality or temporal ordering; all data are self-reported; cannot determine whether health literacy causes quality of life improvements or vice versa.
Across countries and designs
1 study · 1 country