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The problem
Intervention: Automated insulin delivery (AID) systems coupling continuous glucose monitoring with an algorithm that modulates subcutaneous insulin in real time
Who it was tested with: Children and adolescents aged 1-18 years with type 1 diabetes (888 participants across 10 trials).
Children or communities are compared with a group that did not receive the intervention, or followed over years. This is the design that best separates what the intervention did from everything else that changed.
"We systematically searched PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane CENTRAL, Web of Science, and ClinicalTrials.gov to June 30, 2026, for randomized controlled trials comparing AID with non-automated insulin therapy in participants aged 18 years or younger with type 1 diabetes... Two reviewers independently screened records, extracted data, and assessed risk of bias using the Cochrane RoB 2 tool." The systematic review of RCTs with dual independent assessment represents a high-tier experimental design aggregating evidence from controlled trials.
Meta-analysis was not performed; the review notes that larger glycemic effects with higher device engagement was a between-study observation not formally tested. Longer-term outcomes and equitable access remain unresolved.
Across countries and designs
2 studies · 1 country
