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The problem
Intervention: R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine administered as three doses 4 weeks apart plus a booster at 12 months
Who it was tested with: 4,878 African children aged 5-36 months at five sites across four countries (Burkina Faso, Côte d'Ivoire, Kenya, Tanzania) with varying malaria transmission intensities.
Children or communities are compared with a group that did not receive the intervention, or followed over years. This is the design that best separates what the intervention did from everything else that changed.
"Children (aged 5-36 months) were enrolled and randomly assigned (2:1) to receive 5 μg R21 plus 50 μg Matrix-M or a control vaccine (licensed rabies vaccine [Abhayrab]). Participants, their families, investigators, laboratory teams, and the local study team were masked to treatment." This double-blind, randomised design with a control group is a gold-standard experimental approach for evaluating vaccine safety and efficacy.
Follow-up was 12 months at standard sites and up to 18 months at seasonal sites; longer-term efficacy data not yet available. Some decline in efficacy observed during the 12-month follow-up period.
Across countries and designs
1 study · 4 countries
