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The problem
Intervention: No intervention was tested; this is an observational study measuring outcomes during the pandemic period
Who it was tested with: 127 postpartum women and their infants from a public maternity hospital in São Paulo, Brazil, during February-June 2021.
Experience from people who deliver programmes: stories, case studies and lessons learned. Valuable for understanding how and why, and for spotting what to test next, but not a measure of effect.
"The initial data were collected in the immediate postpartum period and between 21-45 days after birth, using a semi-structured questionnaire... the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and Postpartum Bonding Questionnaire (PBQ) were used to evaluate PPD and bonding, respectively." This is observational research measuring associations during the pandemic without intervention or comparison to pre-pandemic baseline.
Cross-sectional design cannot establish causality; no pre-pandemic comparison group to isolate pandemic effects; single-site study may limit generalizability; no control or comparison group for bonding outcomes
Across countries and designs
3 studies · 3 countries
