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3,101 reports · page 36 of 311
Situation reports are the main reporting tool to monitor UNICEF’s humanitarian response. They provide an update on the situation and needs of children in a country or region, as well as information on UNICEF’s response and funding requirements.
Situation reports are the main reporting tool to monitor UNICEF’s humanitarian response. They provide an update on the situation and needs of children in a country or region, as well as information on UNICEF’s response and funding requirements.
Situation reports are the main reporting tool to monitor UNICEF’s humanitarian response. They provide an update on the situation and needs of children in a country or region, as well as information on UNICEF’s response and funding requirements.
Climate breakdown is emerging as a major driver of child marriage, with climate-related disasters putting greater financial pressure on families. These pressures can leave girls in families struggling with poverty and food insecurity at greater risk of child marriage. Girls can face pressure to leave school and marry as households struggle to recover. Girls Not Brides’ head of Asia engagement, Shreya Ghosh, described child marriage as a “coping strategy” for some families. “All of this is happening because there’s not strong enough support mechanisms in the first place,” Ghosh explained in a recent ABC report. Girls forced into marriage without their free and full consent are at greater risk of exploitation, especially if they cannot refuse or leave. How climate change increases the risk of child marriage Research indicates child marriage can increase by over a third in Bangladesh following a natural disaster, according to the International Rescue Committee. These consequences can shape girls’ futures and the broader, less publicised human rights impacts of climate disasters. Marriage can mean leaving school, limiting economic opportunities, and taking on responsibilities before they are ready. Girls affected by climate change, conflict, and other crises can have fewer options, which increases the risk of child marriage as a coping mechanism. Humanitarian responses to climate-related crises must include provisions that protect vulnerable communities from modern slavery risks, including child marriage. How climate responses can protect girls from child marriage There are actions that can mitigate these risks. Financial assistance can help families recover when they lose their income without placing the burden on girls. It can also help girls stay in school and continue their education. Building resilient livelihoods and expanding economic opportunities can give families more options when disasters strike. Vocational training, skills development, and entrepreneurship programs can help create those opportunities. Walk Free’s Stacked Odds research identifies 3 key approaches to reducing the risk of modern slavery for women and girls, which include: Improving access to education Providing economic and vocational opportunities for women and girls Working with communities to challenge harmful and gender-biased attitudes Girls facing pressure to marry also need access to protection and justice, including legal protections against forced marriage and services to help keep them safe. Protecting girls from child marriage means ensuring climate disasters do not leave them with fewer choices about their future.
Evie Grabowiecki
Indonesia is experiencing its most intense wildfire season in 11 years, with fires across Sumatra and Kalimantan exposing millions of people to hazardous smoke and disrupting communities across Indonesia and neighbouring countries. More than 12.5 million people across 7 provinces have been exposed to wildfire haze, while respiratory illnesses linked to the fires are increasing. The haze has also spread across borders, severely affecting air quality in Malaysia, Singapore, and the Philippines. The consequences of a climate-related crisis do not end when the smoke clears. Fires and drought damage people’s health and ability to earn an income. These financial pressures leave people more exposed to exploitation. People who lose their income may be forced to move to find work. This leaves them with fewer safe employment options and increases their exposure to trafficking and forced labour. How climate change is intensifying Indonesia’s wildfire risks Indonesia’s fires are being fuelled by human activity and exceptionally dry conditions. Land clearing and the use of fire to clear vegetation are contributing to outbreaks, while human-driven climate change is increasing the heat and drought, allowing fires to spread and become harder to control. A strong El Niño is also contributing to prolonged drought across the country. Around 90% of Indonesia received little to no rainfall in early August, according to data from Indonesia’s meteorological agency. These conditions have allowed fires to spread through peatlands across Kalimantan, Sumatra, and Papua. Climate-related disasters increase modern slavery risks The fires increase modern slavery risks by disrupting people’s livelihoods and access to safe work. The impacts include: Hazardous smoke puts people’s health at risk and affects their ability to work. School closures disrupt children’s education and increase pressure to enter work when families face financial hardship. Fires and drought damage land and natural resources communities rely on for income. Loss of income leaves families facing greater financial pressure and fewer safe options for work. People who can no longer earn a living may be forced to move in search of work, increasing their exposure to unsafe recruitment and labour conditions. Financial pressure and displacement increase exposure to exploitation, trafficking, and forced labour. These risks are not experienced equally. People already facing economic insecurity have fewer resources to recover when climate disasters disrupt their livelihoods. Indonesia’s response to wildfires must address modern slavery risks Emergency measures are crucial while fires continue to burn. Humanitarian responses must also address the longer-term risks, which leave people exposed to exploitation when climate disasters disrupt lives. Climate resilience needs to include protections for people whose livelihoods are threatened by environmental change. This means protecting forests and peatlands, safeguarding Indigenous Peoples’ lands and livelihoods, and ensuring affected communities have access to health and social protection during and after disasters. Modern slavery prevention must be part of this response. Climate shocks risk creating new opportunities for exploitation when people face lost income, displacement, or unsafe work. Governments must recognise modern slavery as part of the climate crisis and build protections against exploitation into climate action.
Evie Grabowiecki
Extensive research on HIV/AIDS stigma is conducted on adults, but it cannot be equated with the experiences of children. This makes it obvious to develop an inclusive research on child experience of HIV/AIDS stigma. For that reason, the present study investigates the relationship among HIV/AIDS stigma, perceived social support and mental health problems in HIV/AIDS children. A sample of 90 HIV/AIDS children aged 10–18 years from Moti Lal Nehru Hospital, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, India, were recruited. Participants were assessed on HIV/AIDS stigma, perceived social support and mental health problems. Descriptive statistics, correlational and regression analysis and mediation analysis were performed to accomplish the purpose of the study. Correlational analysis makes it evident that perceived social support is prominently negatively correlated with HIV/AIDS stigma (r (88) = −.670, p < 0.01) whereas mental health problems (r (88) = .753, p < 0.01) was significantly positively correlated with HIV/AIDS stigma. Taking hierarchical regression analysis into consideration, it was found that the perceived social support significantly contributed to 33.2% variance in HIV/AIDS stigma and HIV/AIDS stigma contributed to 45.9% variance in mental health problems. Results of the mediation analyses validate the mediating role of HIV/AIDS stigma in the association between perceived social support and mental health problems (β = −0.27, CI = −.33 to −.034, p = .017). These findings contribute to empirical evidence about psychological predictors and the observable consequences of HIV/AIDS-related stigma.
Varsha Singh, Anupriya, Shikha Verma et al.
Many refugee children have not only suffered from their negative past experiences but also faced challenges to cope with their current difficulties and to improve themselves for a better future. Education is a strategy to assist these refugee children in tackling these difficulties, and a key factor in ensuring the success of education is the quality of teachers. This study uses the job demands and job resource model as a framework to understand the job demands of teachers at refugee community learning centres in Malaysia and their available resources, and the resources that the teachers need to meet their job demands. Purposive sampling was used to recruit 52 refugee teachers, and focus group discussion was used to collect data. Thematic analysis was then used to analyze the data. The results showed that the main difficult job demands are handling the classroom due to the lack of facilities, space and professional training. The diversities in students’ language levels and cultural backgrounds and the psychological problems of students increase the difficulties in classroom management. Support from different parties to provide relevant resources is needed for refugee teachers to tackle their job demands so that a better-quality education can be provided to refugee children.
Poh Chua Siah, Sew Kim Low, Soo Ting T’ng et al.
The Covid-19 pandemic has changed the flow and rhythm of life all over the world, and the importance of the nurses who are fighting this pandemic on the frontlines has taken its place on the world ...
Neziha Karabulut, Yeşim Yaman Aktaş, Dilek Gürçayır et al.
The investigation aimed to estimate the prevalence of the use of cannabis in the past month and amphetamine in a lifetime and socio-ecological perspectives among in-school adolescents in five ASEAN countries. Cross-sectional survey data were analysed from 33,184 adolescents (median age 14 years, interquartile range = 2) from Indonesia, Laos, Philippines, Thailand and Timor-Leste that took part in the ‘Global School-Based Student Health Survey (GSHS)’ in 2015. Overall, 3.1% of school students used cannabis currently (ranging from 0.4% in Laos to 5.6% in the Philippines), and lifetime amphetamine use was 3.0% (ranging from 0.3% in Laos to 5.1% in Timor-Leste). In adjusted logistic regression analysis, male sex (OR: 1.58, 95% CI: 1.02–2.47), having no close friends (OR: 2.02, 95% CI: 1.23–3.33), suicide attempt (OR: 2.70, 95% CI: 1.68–4.32), current alcohol use (OR: 3.57, 95% CI: 2.29–5.57), current tobacco use (OR: 9.86, 95% CI: 5.87–13.37), school truancy (OR: 2.04, 95% CI: 1.44–2.89), low peer support (OR: 0.50, 95% CI: 0.33–0.75), in a physical fight (OR: 1.50, 95% CI: 1.05–2.13) and injury (OR: 1.59, 95% CI: 1.11–2.28) were associated with current cannabis use. Having no close friends (OR: 2.45, 95% CI: 1.56–3.84), suicide attempt (OR: 2.88, 95% CI: 1.72–4.81), current alcohol use (OR: 3.88, 95% CI: 2.72–5.52), current tobacco use (OR: 6.22, 95% CI: 3.97–9.75), school truancy (OR: 2.10, 95% CI: 1.52–2.92), low peer support (OR: 0.43, 95% CI: 0.27–0.68), low parental connectedness (OR: 0.52, 95% CI: 0.34–0.81), physically attacked (OR: 1.48, 95% CI: 1.04–2.10), and injury (OR: 1.72, 95% CI: 1.12–2.64) were associated with lifetime amphetamine use. Strategies for the prevention interventions of the use of cannabis and amphetamine in this school population may include identified risk factors.
Supa Pengpid, Karl Peltzer
This study examines the impact chronic physical illnesses, such as asthma, rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, obesity, heart disease, and diabetes, have on the life goals of Korean adolescents, and evaluates the mediating effects self-esteem and peer relationship have in this regard. Data were sourced from the fifth wave of the Korea Child and Youth Panel Survey, which comprised 2,351 high-school adolescents, 42.5% of whom had a chronic physical illness. The major findings were: chronic physical illness has a positive association with adolescents’ intrinsic life goals, and self-esteem and peer relationship mediate the relationship between adolescents’ chronic physical illness and intrinsic life goals. Setting intrinsic life goals is essential for well-being, but the aspirations of adolescents with chronic physical illness are often constrained by their illness and treatment. This study revealed that, despite these constraints, adolescents with chronic physical illness who have higher self-esteem and high-quality friendships strive for positive and constructive life goals. Thus, the study suggests adolescents’ well-being can be enhanced through improving their self-esteem and peer relationships.
Boram Lee, Hye Jun Park, Min Jung Kwon et al.
