Uses of Ceftriaxone and its Adverse Effects in Pediatric patients in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Introduction: Ceftriaxone is a sterile, semi-synthetic, broad spectrum third generation parenteral β - lactam antibiotic of cephalosporin group. It has a lot of indications in pediatric clinical practice. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the uses of inj. Ceftriaxone, dose, duration, outcome and adverse effects of ceftriaxone as a whole among children admitted in a tertiary care hospital. Methodology: A descriptive prospective type of observational study was conducted at pediatrics department of Birat medical college and teaching hospital (BMCTH). One hundred and fourty patients were enrolled. Data were recorded in a detailed pre-designed data collection sheet by interviewing them or their parents, the treating physician and the nursing staff during the initial visit and also during the follow up. Results: Ceftriaxone was the most commonly used antibiotic in varieties of conditions. Regarding indications respiratory causes (41.2%) followed by renal causes (22.2%) and infectious causes (17.8%). There was significant difference in outcome and complication in severe malnutrition and normal nutrition children by age group <5 years and >5 years. Pain was the most common adverse effect observed in 37.1%, indurations and tenderness at the injection site (20%), nausea and vomiting (7.1%) and hypersensitivity (6.4%). Conclusion: The drug was used in wide range of indications in variable doses and duration. However, its use in various conditions do not follow the microbiological isolation status. Pain, nausea, vomiting, induration, hypersensitivity and others were the commonly encountered adverse effects.
Ramesh Yadav, Hemsagar Rimal, Santosh Upadhyaya Kafle et al.