Playing is a learning method that best suits learning in early childhood. The clap hand games is one of the types of play that is applied in Early Childhood Education. The purpose of education in early childhood is to develop six aspects of its development namely; aspects of religious and moral norms, aspects of the physical and motor, aspects of cognition, aspects of the emotional social, aspects of language and aspects of art. This study aimed to know the utilization of deep pat game on improving aspects of cognitive in early childhood. The subjects of this study were children of group B Taman Kanak-Kanak (TK) Flamboyan Mekar Tapung District Kampar regency a number of 14 girls and 8 boys. Data collection Technic used is documentation, questionnaire, and interview. This research involves the Ikatan Guru Taman Kanak-Kanak Indonesia (IGTKI) Tapung District to gain input in the development of game pat in order to obtain results. The results of the analysis showed that 86% of children could increase aspects of cognitive development
This study aims to explore the psychosocial impacts and mental health conditions of adolescent girls who married at the age of 10-19 years, as well as identify the forms of support they receive from family and community. Using a qualitative approach with a case study design, data was collected through in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and documentation with married adolescents, parents, relatives, and community leaders. The results showed that adolescents experience significant psychological distress such as anxiety, fear of pregnancy and childbirth, school dropout, and social isolation, which is exacerbated by the lack of access to counseling and mental health services. Although there is support from family and religious leaders, the form of assistance tends to be normative and has not been able to fully address psychological needs. This study recommends strengthening community-based psychosocial services through training peer counselors, integrating digital support and face-to-face services, and actively involving local leaders and educational institutions in efforts to prevent and assist child marriage
Dewi Amalia Insani, Hairrudin, Suharsono Suharsono
Early marriage is one of the indirect factors causing stunting in children. This is because early marriage not only impacts a mother's physical readiness but also her psychological state, which can affect child-rearing practices. In Mamuju Regency, the prevalence of early marriage is quite high, ranking second at 14.28%. Early marriage remains a common occurrence and an ongoing trend. Additionally, there is a lack of knowledge among adolescents regarding adolescent reproductive health, and insufficient monitoring and identification of adolescent reproductive health issues. The proposed solution is to increase adolescents' knowledge through education and mentoring programs on adolescent reproductive health. The implementation method involves conducting education and training for adolescent cadres on adolescent health and conducting adolescent reproductive health examinations using a peer education method. The results of this community service activity showed an increase of more than 40% in participants' knowledge of stunting and the impacts of early marriage. The health monitoring of adolescent girls identified 13 out of 62 female students who experienced anemia, and 2 female students who had menstrual disorders. The sustainability of this community service activity is achieved through adolescent cadres conducting peer education to all adolescents in Kelurahan Bebanga
Objective : Child marriage forces a girl into adult roles before physical and psychological maturity, which can take a toll on women’s health over the life course. This paper aims to assess whether child marriage and adolescent childbearing are associated with elevated risk of gynecologic disorders leading to hysterectomy. Design : Cross-sectional and survival analysis. Setting : India, nationally representative survey. Population : 528,816 ever married women, aged 20-49 years. Methods : Women were grouped in four mutually exclusive categories – i) married adult – not an adolescent mother (reference category), ii) married adult – adolescent mother, iii) married child – not an adolescent mother, and iv) married child – adolescent mother. Multivariable logistic regressions were fitted to assess the odds of hysterectomy for these groups. Non-parametric Kaplan-Meier survivor functions were estimated to evaluate survival rates across the groups. Main outcome measures : Whether had a hysterectomy and age when hysterectomy was performed. Results : Compared to women married as adult – not an adolescent mother, women married in childhood and who gave birth in adolescence were 1.87 (95% CI: 1.78–1.96) times more likely to have a hysterectomy and had the lowest survival rate for hysterectomy. Women married as children but not an adolescent mother also had higher odds of hysterectomy (AOR = 1.40, 95% CI: 1.31–1.50). These results were robust across sub-groups including geographic regions, urban/rural residence, education, and income. Conclusions : Our results, showing a strong relationship between child marriage and hysterectomy, contribute to the literature on later-life health consequences of child marriage and call for strengthening efforts to eradicate child marriage.
The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia has realized that education is one of the pillars of developed countries that seek leadership and excellence. Paying attention to it has become an imperative for societies that wish to be in the ranks of nations. The paper described the development of early childhood education (ECE) in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. This paper outlined the components of the educational system, the objectives of the kindergarten, the curriculum, and daily activities. In 2016, the kingdom directed its attention to education through Vision 2030 to make it a main axis and pillar in order to give an important message that early childhood education must be developed. Therefore, we saw the importance of highlighting the 2030 vision in education (especially early childhood education) and the recent developments and achievements in this sector made since the launch of Saudi Vision 2030.
Objective: Child marriage gives rise to a wide range of problems for young girls whose psychosocial development is incomplete at the time of marriage. The objective of this case-control study is to compare a sample of girls who married at an early age with two control groups (i.e., unmarried peer adolescents and adults who married after 18 years of age) in terms of sociodemographic characteristics and psychiatric diagnoses. Method: A total of 120 female participants were included: the child marriage group (CM; n=40), adolescent peers (CG1; n=40), and adults married at ≥18 years (CG2; n=40). Psychiatric diagnoses were assessed using the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children - Present and Lifetime Version (K-SADS-PL). Participants completed the Beck Depression Inventory, Brief Symptom Inventory, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory I-II, Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory, and Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support. Results: The CM group exhibited higher rates of lower parental education, lower family income, and a greater prevalence of extended/fragmented family structure compared with both control groups (p<0.05). The CM group also showed significantly higher rates of major depressive disorder (MDD) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) compared with CG1 (p=0.022; p=0.012) and CG2 (p=0.004; p=0.012). Postmarital suicide attempts were more prevalent in the CM group than in the CG2 group (p=0.002). Conclusion: Child marriage was associated with lower socioeconomic and educational status, a higher prevalence of MDD and PTSD, lower self-esteem, lower perceived social support, and higher rates of suicidal behavior. These findings underscore the importance of preventive strategies, targeted mental health interventions, and strengthened social support systems for girls at risk of early marriage.
Early Childhood Education (ECE) provides core services and events that are vital to holistic growth, student achievement and children's future results. This research explored the obstacles that teachers are facing in primary schools to incorporate early childhood education. It used the descriptive survey research. The sample population was all district primary schools in the Punjab province, Pakistan. For data collection, a questionnaire was created. The results of the research found that most teachers were not sufficiently aware of the requirements for early learning. ECE-specific materials were not appropriate for the students. In addition, primary school teachers require more training and facilities in their schools for introducing ECE. The views of male, female, rural, and urban teachers were substantially different. Given the results, the researchers suggested that educators be made aware of early childhood expectations and pedagogical skills.
This study aims to find out the opinions and experience of teachers and teacher candidates on promoting creativity and creative thinking in the early childhood stage within the scope of the current preschool educational program. The method of the study is the basic qualitative research design. The study group consists of 25 preschool teachers employed in the province of Alanya in the city of Antalya, and 25 preschool teacher candidates who were students in their 3rd and 4th year at Akdeniz University, Faculty of Education, Department of Preschool Education. Open-ended questionnaire form was used for getting the opinions of teachers and teacher candidates. The data was analyzed within the principles of content analysis. According to the results of the study, statements on the prominence of creative thinking mainly emphasized the child being able to express her/his emotions and thoughts effectively, developing the child's problem-solving skills, forming cause- effect relationships, and being able to create a different point of view towards events and situations. As for developing creative thinking, the opinions that come to the forefront are going on trips with the children, conducting art activities, focusing on drama activities, conducting science and maths activities based on research, and motivating children to create authentic products with different materials. On the whole, teachers and teacher candidates expressed that the present preschool educational program has positive contributions to promoting creative thinking in children.
Participatory research was conducted with adolescent girls and women in three isolated rural communities of Bangladesh to assess their perspectives and the role of social and gender norms on the construction of knowledge regarding menstruation, pregnancy and abortion. Norms of privacy and silence, local beliefs and a culture of shame held that the human body is 'natural' and does not require formal sexual and reproductive health care. Instead, participants sought out traditional healers and used herbal plants as natural remedies. Participants reported being restricted in performing religious activities, cooking and food consumption during menstruation. Because sanitary protection was expensive, women used old cloths to soak up menstrual blood and used them repeatedly without washing with soap or drying in the open air, due to shame and the fear of evil spirits. The local incidence of child marriage was high, which also limited women's agency and voice. Contraceptive use was irregular and inappropriate; none of participants or their husbands used contraceptives, resulting in unwanted pregnancy often followed by unsafe abortion. Programmes and interventions are needed that engage with women's experiences within the sociocultural context of studied communities.
Faisal Ahmmed, Mohammad Shahjahan Chowdhury, Sharif Mostafa Helal
BACKGROUND: Child marriage is a blazing global issue influenced by gender inequity, poverty, social norms, and insecurity. It has disastrous social, economic, and health-related consequences. Bangladesh ranks among the top ten countries in terms of child marriage, and rural girls are the most vulnerable group to it. Our study aimed to assess and compare the perception of rural adolescents and parents regarding child marriage, as well as focusing on the key factors governing such perception of the participants. METHODS: This community-based cross-sectional study randomly selected four unions of Dhamrai upazila (Sub-district) under the Dhaka district as study areas. The study recruited 1030 participants (515 adolescents and 515 parents) from 515 rural households using a systematic random sampling method and specific selection criteria. Data enumerators collected data through face-to-face interviews using a pretested semi-structured questionnaire and obtained informed written consent from parents and assent from adolescents. The study assessed perception related to child marriage by 25 statements formulated based on expert opinions. These statements were further organized into four domains- social, economic, psychological, and environmental through thematic analysis. We categorized the perception as "support" and "do not support" child marriage using a scoring system ranging from 0 to 25, based on the responses to 25 statements by a two-level Likert scale. Participants who obtained scores of ≥80% were considered not to support child marriage. RESULTS: The current study revealed that 25.8% of adolescents and 27.0% of parents supported child marriage. Participants lacking formal schooling were 3 times (AOR 3.00; 95% CI 1.27-7.09, p = 0.01) and participants with primary level education were 2.69 times (AOR 2.69; 95% CI 1.27-7.09, p = 0.01) more likely to support child marriage compared to participants with at least higher secondary level of education. Parents and adolescents did not differ significantly (p < 0.05) in total and domain-specific perception scores. However, substantial differences existed in various statements across the domains, and maximum disagreement was found in the environmental domain. CONCLUSION: Supportive perception toward child marriage still exists in rural Bangladesh, and it is more prevalent among people with less or no formal education. Despite exceptions, both groups had overall similar perceptions regarding child marriage. Exploration of factors favoring support for child marriage and designing educational as well as community-based interventions specific and suitable to adolescents and parents is crucial to improve perception regarding child marriage.
Md Ziaul Islam, S. M. Sharf‐Ul‐Alam, Farjana Farha et al.
