The content and features of dental education in women's clinics, healthy child rooms, kindergartens, schools, dental clinics. The staff involved in the work. Dental education of the population is one of the main components of any prevention program and should precede and accompany oral hygiene education.
K. N. (Kazakova) Nodirovna, Hamrayeva Shaxinabonu Farxod Qizi
Background: Aim: The study compared child participation of children undergoing dialysis with that of normal population. Study design: comparative study design. Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted in Sparsh Rotary south end charitable trust, Batra Hospital, New Delhi during year 2013-2015.Subjects and Methods:In this study design thirty children, fifteen children undergoing dialysis (5-18) years were recruited from Sparsh, Rotary south end charitable trust. And fifteen children without any problem were selected as per inclusion criteria. The participation in home-school and community of these children is measured using Child and Adolescent Scale of Participation (CASP and Life balance and perceived stress in caregivers was measured with Life Balance Inventory (LBI) and Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) respectively. The same scales were used for normal population. The scores was collected from each scale and statistically analyzed for both groups.Result:Results revealed that children on dialysis have less participation in home school and community with that of normal population. The perceived stress of caregivers of these children is also very higher and life balance score was found to be lesser when compared with caregivers of normal population.Conclusion:Clinical intervention of children undergoing dialysis is narrowed upon only medical intervention and not focuses more on participation. The Occupational Therapy intervention should be given to children undergoing dialysis.
This research analyses the legal politics of children's participation in public policy in Batang District, focusing on the gap between normative recognition and practical implementation. Although Indonesia has ratified the Convention on the Rights of the Child (KHA) and adopted it in the Child Protection Law, children's participation rights are still reduced, as seen in the vagueness of Article 10 of Law No. 23/2002 which limits participation based on ‘decency and propriety’. This qualitative study combines legal document analysis, participatory observation at the Children's Forum and Musrenbang (2018-2024), as well as stakeholder interviews, to find that children's participation in Batang District-despite being recognised as a Child Friendly District-is symbolic. Key challenges include a lack of stakeholder understanding, manipulation of children's voices, and the absence of a follow-up mechanism for aspirations, which is reflected in the omission of participation indicators in the Regional Action Plan. The research concludes that there is a need to strengthen ratification of the KHA, constitutional amendments to recognise children's right to be heard, and local policy reforms that guarantee space for meaningful participation. The findings emphasise the urgency of a holistic approach in the politics of child protection law.
This research aims to explore local language revitalization strategies as a pathway to children's participation within the Child-Friendly Village framework from a non-formal education perspective. Using a qualitative approach with the Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) method, this research involved 17 participants consisting of volunteers, community leaders, and parents, with data collection through focus group discussions, participatory mapping, and observation. The research results show that the local language revitalization strategy is implemented through participatory learning, the use of local languages in social spaces such as mosques and community activity centers, and children's activities based on outbound activities. As a result of this strategy, social identity is strengthened, communication accessibility is increased, and children's involvement in village decision-making is encouraged. However, challenges such as language shift, social stigma, and media limitations persist. In effect, this research confirms that integrating local language revitalization into non-formal education practices and village policies can be an important means of strengthening children's participation while maintaining the sustainability of local culture.
Erma Kusumawardani, Serafin Wisni Septiarti, Sugito Sugito et al.
This study aims to analyze the implementation of the Child-Friendly Cities Initiative (CFCI) in Surabaya and the dynamics of children's participation in urban development. Using a qualitative case study approach, data were collected through in-depth interviews, observations, and document analysis, involving policy makers, the Children's Forum, and local communities. Thematic analysis reveals the adaptation of global CFCI norms to the local context, increased meaningful participation of children, and challenges such as resource constraints and inter-sectoral coordination. The findings enrich the literature on norm localization and meaningful involvement, with implications for strengthening policies, replicable models in other cities, and the development of sustainable child participation.
This paper explores the rights granted to children in custody matters in Pakistan as per the law. Its aim is to examine the provisions of the Guardian and Wards Act of 1890 (hereinafter referred to as Act 1890) and Islamic law, analyzing judicial precedents to identify any loopholes and deficiencies. Additionally, the research paper focuses on highlighting the gaps and deficiencies present in the provisions concerning child custody in Pakistan. It argues that the Act 1890 grants domestic courts broad discretionary powers when dealing with custody disputes, leading to inconsistent judgments. Given the importance of custody in determining a child's welfare after parental divorce, it is concerning that Pakistan lacks comprehensive laws regarding the rights of children to be heard and give consent in such disputes. The Act of 1890 provides limited guidance on the rights of children to be heard and give consent in custody disputes, leaving it largely up to the court's discretion, which often leads to conflicting rulings. Due to the lack of clear legal provisions in the Act, parties involved in custody issues have to rely on case laws to find guidelines. The paper will propose specific measures to reconcile the existing fragmented practices. It will also suggest laws and remedies implemented by other developed countries worldwide to address the gaps and loopholes in the provisions of the Act of 1890, ultimately aiming to improve the well-being of children involved in custody disputes.
The phenomenon of child labor and street children is one of the pressing issues in most contemporary large cities around the world. The prevalence of this phenomenon has become so significant that it engages both developed and developing societies equally. Child labor refers to any form of employing children in activities that are mentally, physically, socially, or ethically hazardous and deprive them of their childhood and continuous participation in education. In this study, an attempt was made to present an overview of the situation of these children in Iran using available data related to child labor (microdata from the labor force survey conducted between the years 2016 to 2020 has been used). Subsequently, by applying logistic regression, the individual and household factors influencing child labor were examined. In the overall model, migration (both international and domestic), lack of education among household heads, and rural living were identified as the most significant environmental factors contributing to child labor participation. In urban areas, the most influential environmental factors affecting child participation, in order of importance, were migration (both international and domestic) and household head unemployment. In rural areas, the key environmental variables increasing child participation included the education level of the household head, migration, and household head unemployment. Analyzing urban and rural patterns separately, while avoiding aggregation errors from the overall model, underscores the high impact of economic factors on child labor.
DKI Jakarta is one of the provinces with many young people. Around 2.9 million people, or 29 percent of the total population in DKI Jakarta province, are children. Unfortunately, the involvement of children in development planning in DKI Jakarta is still challenging. This research uses a qualitative approach with in-depth interviews and FGD techniques with children who are members of children's forums, child beneficiaries, children's forum facilitators, and government officials. This study examines children's participation in the development planning process in three areas in DKI Jakarta through Musyawarah Perencanaan Pembangunan/Musrenbang (Regional Development Planning Consultation Forum). Furthermore, this research is intended to reveal the obstacles found in involving children in development planning. The study results indicate a dynamic of power relations between children and adults, making children unable to voice their opinions for development. In addition, injunctive norms make children's participation feel artificial and procedural. A more inclusive model of children's participation in development is needed for children in order to accelerate the achievement of the SDGs in the province.
The purpose of this research is to understand and analyze child marriages in Muslim-majority countries in Southeast Asia from the perspective of the Convention on the Rights of the Child. The research design used in this study is qualitative. The research nature is juridical-normative, referring to legal norms present in the legislations of Indonesia, Malaysia, and Brunei Darussalam. The research results indicate that using the CRC's concept of Child Participation in dispensations for underage marriage, it was previously shown that the concept of child protection encompasses a broad scope (O'Donnell), and the Convention on the Rights of the Child emphasizes that all actions taken concerning the child must be contextually appropriate, for the best interests of the child (Eekelaar). Therefore, this study shows to what extent the protection of children's rights regarding their participation in dispensations for underage marriage in Southeast Asian Muslim countries, is allegedly contradictory to the CRC's definitive provision on the age of the child. This research implies that it can help analyze the extent to which child marriages violate the rights of the child as guaranteed by the Convention on the Rights of the Child. It aids in understanding how cultural and religious factors influence the practice of child marriages in Muslim-majority countries in Southeast Asia. Additionally, the results of this research could stimulate further studies in the same or related domains.
Ernawati Ernawati, Abdul Gani Abdullah, Zaitunah Subhan
It is considered necessary to support the participation of children socially, and media tools having a significant effect on individuals today should reflect child participation. The aim of this study was to examine the right to participate in cartoons prepared for primary school children. The study was conducted with a descriptive survey model. The sample of this study was determined by criterion sampling and consists of a total of 10 cartoons on the TRT Children’s channel for primary school children. The data were collected with a checklist and were analysed with descriptive analysis. As a result of the research, it was determined that in the cartoons, child-led participation was the most common level of participation, while collaborative participation was the least common. Furthermore, it was determined that the qualities of participation in cartoons were mostly related, voluntary and respectful and the safe and sensitive to risk were the least. Keywords: children’s participation, media, primary school children, right to participate
