Peer-reviewed article
The Importance of Physical Activity in Early Childhood Development
Kathleen Stuart ·
Summary
Written by AI, not yet AICS's view · claude-haiku-4-5-20251001This literature review examines how physical activity supports healthy development in children from birth to five years old. The document argues that early childhood programs are becoming too focused on academics at the expense of play and physical activity. Research shows that physical activity benefits brain development, executive function, overall well-being, and school readiness during this critical period. The review advocates for more opportunities for meaningful play in early childhood settings.
Key points
- Early childhood programming has shifted toward academic focus, reducing time for play and physical activity
- Children aged birth to five are spending more time in sedentary, academically focused activities
- Physical activity positively impacts brain development in early childhood
- Physical activity supports executive function development
- Physical activity contributes to school readiness
Limitations
This is a literature review that synthesizes existing research rather than conducting original research or evaluation. The document does not specify which countries' contexts are examined or provide detailed data on the magnitude of effects.
Abstract
Programming in early childhood has become increasingly academic, with less consideration for whole-child development. This new emphasis has influenced not only pre-k programs, but also programs serving toddlers and infants. As a result of this focus on academic skills, children from birth to five years old are spending more time in sedentary, academically focused activities and less time in meaningful play and physical activity. Children are no longer afforded the time and opportunity to participate in the robust play activities that are one of the essential elements in whole-child development. This literature review focuses on research that advocates for physical activity opportunities for children. The research demonstrates the positive impact that physical activity has on brain development, executive function, overall well-being, and school readiness in the crucial development period of early childhood.