Peer-reviewed article

Incomplete immunization coverage and its related factors among children aged 1-5 years: evidence from the Indonesia Family Life Survey 5

Erni Astutik, Tika Dwi Tama, Jauhari Oka Reuwpassa, Atik Choirul Hidajah, Muhammad Taaha Kashif et al. · 1 Jan 2026

Abstract

Background: The coverage of completeness of immunization is still an important problem in many countries, including Indonesia. Objectives: The aims of this study were to determine factors related to get incomplete immunization in Indonesia. Methods: The data were collected from the Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS) 5 with a sample of 782 women childbearing age (15-49 years) who had children aged 1-5 years old in Indonesia. The data was analyzed by using multiple logistic regressions. Results: Mother with lower education had 1.91 times greater odds for having incomplete immunization status compared with higher education (AOR=1.91, 95%CI 1.11-3.28). Mother who working contributed to improving incomplete immunizations compared with respondent who did not work (AOR=1.60, 95%CI 1.12-2.29). Mothers who lived in urban area had 1.48 higher odds to have incomplete immunization status in children compared to mother who lived in rural area (AOR=1.48, 95%CI 1.09-2.02). Husbands and both partners who have the power to make health decisions have lower odds of having a child whose immunizations are incomplete compared to only the mother who makes health decisions (AOR father =0.39, 95%CI=0.21-0.73; AOR both=0.62, 95%CI=0.42-0.92). Conclusion: Children's age, mothers' education and occupation, and health decision maker were related to incomplete immunization status.