Peer-reviewed article
Ontology-based Nutrition Recommender System for Stunting Patients
Nur Laili Ramadhani, Z. K. A. Baizal ·
Summary
Written by AI, not yet AICS's view · claude-haiku-4-5-20251001Stunting is a growth disorder affecting early childhood development in Indonesia, where chronic malnutrition causes children to fall below normal height for their age. The study describes a digital tool—a Telegram chatbot powered by semantic web technology—designed to provide personalised nutrition recommendations for stunted children based on their individual conditions. The system achieved 93.3% accuracy in recommending appropriate daily nutritional intake. This addresses a significant public health problem, as Indonesia had a stunting prevalence of 24.4% in 2021, though this declined to 21.6% in 2022.
Key points
- Stunting is defined as height-for-age z-score less than -2 standard deviations
- Poor nutritional intake is a key factor in stunting; genetics plays a minimal role
- Indonesia ranked second in stunting prevalence in Southeast Asia in 2020
- The ontology-based chatbot system achieved 93.3% accuracy in performance
- Personalised nutritional recommendations tailored to each child's condition can help treat stunting
Limitations
The document describes the technical system and its accuracy but does not report a formal evaluation of whether children using the recommender system actually improved in growth outcomes or nutritional status. It does not provide details on the sample size, duration of use, or comparison with standard care.
Abstract
Stunting is a growth disorder that occurs in early childhood. This condition occurs because the child has a chronic nutritional problem which triggers the child to have a height below normal. The indicator used as a standard for whether a child is stunted or not is height for age. If a child has a z-score value less than -2 standard deviations, then the child is said to suffer from stunting. Poor nutritional intake is one of the factors causing children to suffer from stunting. Most Indonesian people think that the genetics of both parents causes children to be shorter than their age, but genetics is a minimal factor that causes stunting. In 2020, Indonesia ranks second in the prevalence of stunting in Southeast Asia, according to the Asian Development Bank (ADB) report. Based on the results of the Indonesian Nutritional Status Survey (SSGI) in 2021, the stunting prevalence rate in Indonesia 2021 is 24.4%, but in 2022, the stunting prevalence rate will drop to 21.6%. One way to treat stunting in children is by providing daily nutritional intake according to the child's condition. In this study, we used the Telegram chatbot with an ontology and the rules Semantic Web Rule Language as a knowledge base. The accuracy performance of our system is 93.3% which shows that our system can provide nutritional recommendations for stunting patients.