Peer-reviewed article

"It's not about being a parent-therapist, but simply a parent": the silent pillars of autism care - a qualitative study of fathers' experiences.

Domaradzki J · 30 Mar 2026

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Despite increasing attention to autism caregiving, the emotional and relational experiences of fathers remain insufficiently understood. This study explores how caregiving shapes fathers’ emotional experiences, close relationships, and paternal identity within the context of autism. METHODS: This qualitative descriptive study draws on 14 in-depth interviews with fathers actively involved in raising autistic children. The interviews were analysed using Reflexive Thematic Analysis, following Braun and Clarke’s six-phase framework. RESULTS: Five major themes were identified: (1) Conceptions of fatherhood, (2) Personal understanding of autism, (3) Living with autism, (4) Emotional and psychological well-being, and (5) Fathers’ needs and recognition. Participants framed fatherhood as a morally anchored, emotionally engaged role that reshaped their identity and values. Despite high levels of fatigue, anticipatory anxiety, and social withdrawal, many participants emphasized emotional growth, pride in their children’s progress, and the deep satisfaction derived from close relationships. Autism was often reframed not as a deficit, but as a form of difference – a perspective that supported greater acceptance, resilience, and meaning-making. Fathers frequently reported feelings of social isolation and marginalization, including exclusion from extended family life, public spaces, and professional systems. Fathers called for greater recognition and gender-sensitive support that would reflect their lived experiences and the emotional labour of caregiving. CONCLUSION: Fathers of autistic children are key emotional and relational caregivers, yet they remain structurally marginalized. Findings underscore the need for gender-inclusive, father-sensitive support systems that validate paternal experiences and integrate fathers more fully into autism care and policy.