Peer-reviewed article
Early childhood education in Vietnam, history, and development
Thao Thi Vu ·
Summary
Written by AI, not yet AICS's view · claude-haiku-4-5-20251001This paper traces the history and development of early childhood education in Vietnam from the pre-1945 period through the present day. Before 1945, early childhood education was not formally recognized as a social priority. After 1945, and particularly following 1975, Vietnam developed a formal ECE system that has expanded significantly in scale, curriculum, and teaching methods. The Vietnamese ECE system is transitioning from teacher-centered to child-centered pedagogy to help children reach their full potential.
Key points
- Before 1945, early childhood education was not considered a social task and had no formal system or curriculum in Vietnam
- The period 1945-1975 was marked by political, social and educational separation due to historical events
- Over seven decades, Vietnam has built a comprehensive ECE system with remarkable expansion in institutions
- Major changes have occurred in curriculum and pedagogy, identified as the most important shifts
- Vietnamese ECE is transitioning from teacher-centered to child-centered education approaches
Limitations
This paper is a historical overview and does not evaluate the effectiveness of ECE interventions or present empirical data on child outcomes. It cannot tell us whether current ECE practices actually improve children's development, learning, or well-being.
Abstract
Abstract Vietnam has an age-old history of education, and Vietnamese people have high respect for learning. However, early childhood education (ECE) in Vietnam has been the main concern only since 1945. This paper describes the process of establishment and development of ECE in Vietnam. Before and during the French colonial period in Vietnam, early childhood education was not considered a social task, and therefore, there was no formal educational system and curriculum for preschool children at this time. After 1945, with the great transformation of history, Vietnamese education has changed dramatically so that from 1945 to 1975 it was a period of political, social and educational separation. The historical events affect the education system and early childhood education in Vietnam. Consequently, the history of ECE in Vietnam is separated into two main phases, before and after 1975. Through the ups and downs of history, Vietnam has successfully built the ECE system. Over seven decades of development, ECE in Vietnam has made remarkable changes. The change comes not only from the expansion of the number of educational institutions, but also from the curriculum and pedagogy that are considered as the most important changes. Gradually escaping the influence of teacher-centered pedagogy, Vietnamese ECE is aiming to build a child-centered education, thereby helping learners to reach their full potential.