Peer-reviewed article
Faktor Penyebab Stunting Pada Anak: Tinjauan Literatur
Nova Dwi Yanti, Feni Betriana, Imelda Rahmayunia Kartika ·
Summary
Written by AI, not yet AICS's view · claude-haiku-4-5-20251001This literature review examined factors that cause stunting (abnormally short height) in young children during their critical early years. The review identified four main causes: mothers' knowledge and parenting practices, inadequate nutrition intake, low birth weight, and family financial status. The authors recommend programs to improve parental knowledge about nutrition during pregnancy, infant feeding, and child-rearing to prevent stunting.
Key points
- Stunting occurs most commonly during the 'golden age' of early childhood when children are most vulnerable
- Mother's knowledge and parenting style significantly influence stunting risk
- Nutrition intake of both mothers during pregnancy and children after birth is a key factor
- Low birth weight is associated with stunting development
- Family financial status affects access to adequate nutrition and care
Limitations
The review does not specify which countries or populations were studied, making it unclear how widely these findings apply. The review does not quantify the relative strength of evidence for each factor or provide effect sizes.
Abstract
Background: Stunting is defined as a short or very short body state caused by various factors. Objective: This article aims to review factors causing stunting, including mother`s knowledge and parenting style, nutrition intake, low birth weight (LBW), and family`s financial status. Method: This literature review was conducted through searching relevant evidences from electronic database (Google scholar) using the following keywords: "causes of stunting", and "factors of stunting" in Indonesian (Bahasa) and English. Twelve articles were selected based on the following inclusion criteria: the date of publication from 2009 to 2018, discussing the causes of stunting in the golden age of children, English and Indonesian articles, full text, open access, and academic journals. The articles were analyzed using matrix tables. Results: Knowledge of mother and parenting style, nutrition intake, LBW, and fincancial economic status are indicated as factors causing stunting in the golden age of children. Conclusion: The occurrence of stunting is very vulnerable at the golden age of children due to those mentioned factors. Programs designed to increase parents` knowledge such as antenatal care, nutrition intake for mother during pregnancy, nutrition intake for children, and parenting information are recommended.