Peer-reviewed article

DIGITAL LITERACY AS A FUNCTION OF SAFETY AND PROTECTION OF CHILDREN IN EDUCATION

Nebojša Denić, Mirjana Tomić, Ivana Bulut, Saša Mihajlović, Stefan Milić · 21 Mar 2026

Abstract

In this paper, based on the review of the latest literature and research conducted in practice, the possibilities of applying information and communication technologies (ICT) in primary education from the aspect of safety and child protection will be investigated. In the 21st century, access to the Internet is increasing, and children of elementary school age are entering online communication earlier and earlier. Children are becoming active users of social networks and digital platforms, which have been expanding for years. However, the results indicate that the use of ICT, although an important educational resource, may pose risks to children's safety and privacy, including exposure to unverified content, cyber threats, and inappropriate use of digital devices. A large number of cases of violence on the Internet with tragic outcomes have led to the fact that today the European Union is considering banning children from accessing social networks. In this paper, we highlight the important roles of parents and educational institutions in protecting the safety of elementary school-age children online. The empirical part of the work consists of empirical research of a quantitative nature, which I conducted using an online questionnaire based on the experience gained from long-term work on the prevention of violence on the Internet within the program of the Institute for the Advancement of Education of the Republic of Serbia, "Safety of Children on the Internet". In this context, the qualitative research collected and evolved the attitudes and experiences of students, teachers, and parents about the challenges and potential risks that digital technologies bring to children in the educational environment from the aspect of child safety. Research indicates that continuous education and information of parents, teachers, and children in primary education is a safe way to prevent and protect the digital safety of children in a virtual environment. Children in primary education have certain skills in using smart devices; however, research shows that children mostly ignore basic safety rules, and thus make it easier for online predators and bullies.