Peer-reviewed article
Autism in girls: ‘Camouflaging,’ social functioning, and diagnostic dilemmas
Karen Cammuso, Kristin Knapp‐Ines ·
Summary
Written by AI, not yet AICS's view · claude-sonnet-5-5The document looks at how autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is diagnosed in girls. It notes that the male-to-female ratio has long been put at about 4:1, and that affected girls were historically more likely to have significant intellectual impairment. Clinicians and researchers are now questioning that ratio. Findings suggest that girls with average or higher intellectual or verbal functioning present differently from boys with ASD.
Key points
- The male:female ratio of ASD has long been estimated at about 4:1.
- Girls with ASD were historically more likely to have significant intellectual impairments.
- Clinicians and researchers increasingly question the 4:1 ratio.
- Girls with average or higher intellectual and/or verbal functioning have a different phenotype from affected males.
Limitations
Only the title and a short opening passage are available, so the methods, evidence, and any findings on camouflaging or social functioning cannot be assessed. The document does not name a country or population studied.
Abstract
The subject of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) diagnosis in girls has become an important area of clinical and research focus. For years, the male:female ratio of ASD has been estimated as approximately 4:1, with affected girls historically presenting with a higher likelihood of significant intellectual impairments. Clinicians and researchers have increasingly questioned this ratio, with findings indicating that girls with average or higher intellectual and/or verbal functioning have a different phenotype than males affected with ASD.