The girl child in India: Investing early for equity

This paper examines gender inequities affecting girls in India from pregnancy through the first decade of life. It argues that while national programmes often focus on adolescents, the foundational disadvantages girls face begin much earlier and are rooted in societal gender norms. The authors emphasise that the first 10 years of life represent a critical window for achieving gender equality and improving long-term wellbeing for women and families.

Key points

• India's progress in health, education, and economic development has improved childhood for millions, yet girls continue to face significant inequities
• Gender inequities affecting girls begin early, from pregnancy through the first decade of life, not just in adolescence
• National programmes often focus on adolescents (menstrual health, early marriage, skills development) rather than addressing foundational disadvantages in early childhood
• Inequities are rooted in longstanding societal gender norms
• The first 10 years of life represent a powerful window for achieving gender equality and long-term wellbeing

Limitations

This document appears to be an introduction or framing section that does not present empirical findings, data, or programme evaluations. It does not provide evidence about the scale of inequities, specific outcomes, or effectiveness of any interventions.