Peer-reviewed article

Parents' and guardians' perceptions of sexual and reproductive health communication with youth: A qualitative study in Gurage Zone, Southern Ethiopia.

Nida GG, Khunou SH, Mphuthi D · 13 Jul 2026

Abstract

Youth sexual and reproductive health (YSRH) remains a significant global public health concern. Effective communication between parents and youth plays an important role in shaping young people's knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors related to sexual and reproductive health (SRH). However, sociocultural norms and limited parental knowledge often hinder open discussions about SRH within families in many low- and middle-income countries, including Ethiopia. This study explored parents' and guardians' perceptions of SRH communication with youth in Gurage Zone, Southern Ethiopia. A qualitative study design was employed using focus group discussions (FGDs) with parents and guardians. Twelve participants aged 40-68 years participated in the discussions. Data were collected using a semi-structured interview guide exploring parental perceptions, attitudes, barriers and strategies related to SRH communication with youth. Audio recordings were transcribed, translated into English and analyzed using thematic analysis. The reporting of this qualitative study was guided by the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research (COREQ) to enhance transparency, completeness and methodological rigor. Four major themes emerged: parental perceptions of SRH communication with youth; parental attitudes and beliefs regarding SRH communication; barriers to effective communication; and strategies to strengthen communication. Parents emphasized the importance of open dialogue, emotional safety and early discussions with youth. However, communication was often hindered by sociocultural taboos, generational gaps, limited parental knowledge and competing socioeconomic responsibilities. Parent-youth communication regarding SRH remains constrained by cultural norms and structural barriers. Strengthening parental knowledge and communication skills, alongside community-based interventions and multisectoral collaboration, may enhance youth access to accurate SRH information and promote healthier behaviors.