Peer-reviewed article
Violence against children during the COVID-19 pandemic: Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) analysis on Lowokwaru District, Indonesia
Windi Chusniah Rachmawati, Endang Sri Redjeki, Hanifati Nadhilah ·
Summary
Written by AI, not yet AICS's view · claude-haiku-4-5-20251001This study examined factors influencing mothers' intentions to commit violence against children during the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia using the Theory of Planned Behavior framework. Researchers surveyed 100 mothers in Lowokwaru District and found that subjective norms (what others think) and behavioral control (perceived ability to avoid violence) were significantly related to violent intentions, while personal attitudes were not. The findings suggest that social influences and perceived control are key factors in understanding child violence during the pandemic.
Key points
- Subjective norms significantly predicted intention to commit violence against children (p=0.001)
- Behavioral control significantly predicted intention to commit violence against children (p=0.002)
- Attitudes toward violence were not significantly related to intention to commit violence (p=0.501)
- Both subjective norms and behavioral control had independent effects on violent intentions
- Data collected from 100 mothers during the COVID-19 pandemic in Malang City
Limitations
The study is cross-sectional and cannot establish causal relationships or temporal sequences. The research only measured intentions to commit violence, not actual violent behavior, and was limited to mothers in one district during a specific pandemic period.
Abstract
The high number of cases of violence against children has become a big concern, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. Research purposes to analyze the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) in violence against children during the COVID-19 pandemic in Lowokwaru District, Malang City. Research design a quantitative analytic study with a cross-sectional study primary data. Research instrument used was a questionnaire with Google Form application which was online collecting by 100 mothers. Analysis technique uses Somers'd and Ordinal Logistic Regression. Variables related to the intention to commit violence against children are subjective norms (p=0.00<α=0.05) and behavioral control (p=0.002 <α=0.05), while attitudes are not related to the intention to commit violence against children (p=0.501 >α=0.05). Variables that have a significant effect on the intention of violence against children are subjective norms (p=0.001<α=0.05) and behavioral control (p=0.002<α=0.05). Subjective norms and behavioral control are related and have an effect on the intention to commit violence against children, while attitudes do not.